Tokiwa H, Sera N, Horikawa K, Nakanishi Y, Shigematu N
Department of Health Science, Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Japan.
Carcinogenesis. 1993 Sep;14(9):1933-8. doi: 10.1093/carcin/14.9.1933.
To elucidate a relationship between lung cancer and tumor induction of environmental chemicals, the presence of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in 137 Japanese (97 male and 40 female), and 21 Chinese lung specimens was examined by HPLC, and GC-MS and environmental exposure discussed. Mortality due to lung cancer in Fuyuan County, China, is much higher than that of other cancers. We investigated 21 patients who were residents of Fuyuan County. All were female aged 28-64 years and were non-smoking farmers and cooks. The histological features of the tumors were adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma. The incidence of cancer was due to inhaling soot from the combustion of coal used for cooking and indoor heating. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chrysene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, B[a]P, benzo[g,h,i]perylene and pyrene, but not their nitrated derivatives, were detected in substantial amounts in the resected lungs. These mutagens and carcinogens normally originate in combustion products of coal, and are discussed as the possible initiators of the tumors in the lungs of these patients. All the Japanese lung specimens were also obtained from non-smokers. The concentrations of 1-NP averaged 21.3 +/- 12.4 and 5.9 +/- 2.4 pg/g of Japanese and Chinese samples respectively. The concentrations of B[a]P averaged 180.2 +/- 103.7 and 608.7 +/- 477.1 pg/g of Japanese and Chinese samples respectively. Thus, Japanese and Chinese lung specimens were mainly contaminated by 1-NP and B[a]P, respectively. Typical tissues from a carcinomatous human lung were examined. The patient was a 64-year-old Japanese male non-smoker and farmer who had raised chickens over a period of 40 years. The histological features of the tumor were those of keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. 1-Nitropyrene, 1-nitro-3-hydroxypyrene, 1,3-dinitropyrene and chrysene were detected at concentrations of 0.11, 0.036, 0.095 and 0.16 ng respectively per gram of lung tissue. This cancer was due to long-term exposure to the combustion products of heavy oil used in a chicken house.
为阐明肺癌与环境化学物质诱导肿瘤之间的关系，通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）、气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）检测了137例日本人（97名男性和40名女性）以及21例中国人肺组织标本中1 - 硝基芘（1 - NP）和苯并[a]芘（B[a]P）的存在情况，并探讨了环境暴露情况。中国富源县的肺癌死亡率远高于其他癌症。我们调查了21名富源县居民患者。所有患者均为女性，年龄在28 - 64岁之间，均为不吸烟的农民和厨师。肿瘤的组织学特征为腺癌、鳞状细胞癌和小细胞癌。癌症发病率是由于吸入用于烹饪和室内取暖的煤燃烧产生的烟尘所致。在切除的肺组织中大量检测到多环芳烃，如屈、苯并[k]荧蒽、B[a]P、苯并[g,h,i]苝和芘，但未检测到它们的硝化衍生物。这些诱变剂和致癌物通常源自煤的燃烧产物，并被认为是这些患者肺部肿瘤的可能引发因素。所有日本肺组织标本也均取自不吸烟者。日本和中国样本中1 - NP的浓度分别平均为21.3±12.4和5.9±2.4 pg/g。日本和中国样本中B[a]P的浓度分别平均为180.2±103.7和608.7±477.1 pg/g。因此，日本和中国的肺组织标本分别主要受1 - NP和B[a]P污染。对一名患癌人类肺的典型组织进行了检查。该患者是一名64岁的日本男性不吸烟农民，曾饲养鸡40年。肿瘤的组织学特征为角化鳞状细胞癌。每克肺组织中检测到1 - 硝基芘、1 - 硝基 - 3 - 羟基芘、1,3 - 二硝基芘和屈的浓度分别为0.11、0.036、0.095和0.16 ng。该癌症是由于长期接触鸡舍中使用的重油燃烧产物所致。
