Lianjia Y, Yuhao G, White F H
Department of Oral Pathology, Stomatological College of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993 Oct(295):305-12.
Differentiation of odontoblasts is important for dentin formation in tooth germs and mature teeth. Although previous reports have indicated that there may be a kind of inductive agent that could induce mesenchymal cells in dental pulps to differentiate into odontoblasts, and secrete dentin matrix, the primary inductive factor of odontoblasts has not been found. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), which induces the formation of cartilage and bone when implanted in muscle tissue, is found in dentin matrix. The relationship between the differentiation of odontoblasts and BMP was observed by means of immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody (MAb) against BMP in dental pulp tissue and cell culture; [3H]thymidine incorporation; and measurement of alkaline phosphatase activity. The conclusions are: (1) BMP exists in odontoblasts, ameloblasts, and dentin matrix (the positive reaction in ameloblasts appeared earlier and remained stronger); (2) BMP promotes incorporation of [3H]thymidine and increases the activity of alkaline phosphatase in cultured dental pulp cells; (3) BMP-induced dental pulp cells in dental pulp tissue cultures differentiate from mesenchymal to odontoblast-like cells; and (4) BMP induces formation of osteodentin and tubular dentin when used as a dental capping agent of dogs' teeth. Bone morphogenetic protein plays an important role in differentiation of odontoblasts and might be one of the inductive agents of odontoblasts. Further investigations of BMP as a biologic dental capping agent are warranted.
成牙本质细胞的分化对于牙胚和成熟牙齿中的牙本质形成至关重要。尽管先前的报道表明可能存在一种诱导剂，可诱导牙髓中的间充质细胞分化为成牙本质细胞，并分泌牙本质基质，但尚未发现成牙本质细胞的主要诱导因子。骨形态发生蛋白（BMP），当植入肌肉组织时可诱导软骨和骨的形成，在牙本质基质中被发现。通过用抗BMP单克隆抗体（MAb）对牙髓组织和细胞培养进行免疫组织化学染色、[3H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入以及碱性磷酸酶活性测定，观察成牙本质细胞分化与BMP之间的关系。结论如下：（1）BMP存在于成牙本质细胞、成釉细胞和牙本质基质中（成釉细胞中的阳性反应出现较早且持续较强）；（2）BMP促进[3H]胸腺嘧啶核苷的掺入，并增加培养的牙髓细胞中碱性磷酸酶的活性；（3）在牙髓组织培养中，BMP诱导的牙髓细胞从间充质细胞分化为成牙本质样细胞；（4）当用作犬牙的盖髓剂时，BMP诱导骨样牙本质和管状牙本质的形成。骨形态发生蛋白在成牙本质细胞的分化中起重要作用，可能是成牙本质细胞的诱导剂之一。有必要对BMP作为一种生物盖髓剂进行进一步研究。
