Stock L Z, Milan M A
Georgia State University, Atlanta.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1993 Fall;26(3):379-87. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1993.26-379.
Three intervention packages consisting of (a) enhanced prompts, feedback, and social reinforcement; (b) a lottery; and (c) serving as a confederate were added and removed in sequence as adjacent conditions in an extended withdrawal design to assess their effects on the dietary choices of elderly persons. Participants were 3 elderly residents of an independent living facility who were identified as making consistently poor dietary choices and who had medical conditions that necessitated changes in their eating habits. All 3 participants demonstrated a marked increase in healthy choices of food items in response to the package of enhanced prompts, feedback, and social reinforcement. No additional increase occurred with the introduction of the lottery and serving as a confederate. Food-choice data indicated that most of these improvements could be attributed to healthier entree and dessert choices. Group data for all residents suggested small improvements in dietary practices during the three intervention conditions, with the largest proportion of the group's healthy choices occurring when the lottery was added to enhanced prompts, feedback, and social reinforcement. Food-choice data indicated that most of these improvements could be attributed to healthier dessert choices alone.
在一项扩展撤换设计中，依次添加并移除了三个干预组合，包括：(a) 强化提示、反馈和社会强化；(b) 抽奖；(c) 充当协同者，作为相邻条件，以评估它们对老年人饮食选择的影响。参与者是独立生活设施中的3名老年居民，他们被认定饮食选择一贯较差，且患有需要改变饮食习惯的疾病。所有3名参与者在强化提示、反馈和社会强化组合的作用下，健康食品选择显著增加。引入抽奖和充当协同者后，没有出现进一步增加的情况。食物选择数据表明，这些改善大多可归因于更健康的主菜和甜点选择。所有居民的组数据表明，在三种干预条件下饮食行为有小幅改善，当抽奖添加到强化提示、反馈和社会强化中时，该组健康选择的比例最高。食物选择数据表明，这些改善大多仅可归因于更健康的甜点选择。
