Halperin J M, Newcorn J H, Matier K, Sharma V, McKay K E, Schwartz S
Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing 11367.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993 Sep;32(5):1038-43. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199309000-00024.
The primary purpose of this study was to assess the discriminant validity of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) relative to well-defined groups of children with other psychiatric disorders.
Clinic-referred patients diagnosed as having ADHD without any other comorbid diagnosis (N = 13), were compared with patients with only anxiety disorders (N = 20), disruptive disorders other than ADHD (N = 15), and nonreferred controls (N = 18) on measures of cognitive and academic functioning, as well as on objective measures of attention, impulse control, and activity level.
All three patient groups were found to have cognitive and academic achievement difficulties relative to controls. However, the ADHD group was found to be inattentive and impulsive relative to the other patient groups and the nonreferred controls. Objective measurement of activity level distinguished the ADHD group from controls but not from the other two patient groups.
These data support the diagnostic validity of a small subgroup of ADHD children (i.e., those without comorbid diagnoses) and demonstrates, that as a group, these children can be distinguished from patients with anxiety as well as other disruptive disorders on objective test measures.
本研究的主要目的是评估注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）相对于明确界定的患有其他精神障碍的儿童群体的判别效度。
将临床转诊的被诊断为患有ADHD且无任何其他共病诊断的患者（N = 13），与仅患有焦虑症的患者（N = 20）、除ADHD外的破坏性行为障碍患者（N = 15）以及未转诊的对照组（N = 18）在认知和学业功能测量方面进行比较，同时也在注意力、冲动控制和活动水平的客观测量方面进行比较。
发现所有三个患者组相对于对照组在认知和学业成绩方面都存在困难。然而，相对于其他患者组和未转诊的对照组，ADHD组被发现存在注意力不集中和冲动的问题。活动水平的客观测量将ADHD组与对照组区分开来，但未将其与其他两个患者组区分开来。
这些数据支持一小部分ADHD儿童（即那些无共病诊断的儿童）的诊断效度，并表明，作为一个群体，这些儿童在客观测试测量中可以与焦虑症患者以及其他破坏性行为障碍患者区分开来。
