Findlay J K
Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Biol Reprod. 1993 Jan;48(1):15-23. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod48.1.15.
The local actions of the inhibin-related peptides inhibin, activin, and follistatin in folliculogenesis, luteinization and atresia are reviewed. On the basis of in vitro data, it is concluded that (a) inhibin has a paracrine action positively regulating LH-induced androgen production by theca cells in addition to a peripheral role regulating FSH secretion; (b) activin has a negative paracrine action on LH-induced androgen production by theca cells; (c) activin, either alone or with FSH, has an autocrine action on granulosa cells, promoting differentiation during the preantral and early antral stages of folliculogenesis and preventing premature luteinization in the later stages of antral follicle development, leading overall to promotion and maintenance of the folliculogenic state of the follicle; and (d) follistatin modulates granulosa cell function in favor of luteinization or atresia, and its mechanism of action involves neutralizing the actions of activin by its binding properties and by a direct action of follistatin on progesterone metabolism by granulosa cells. A hypothesis for a role of activin in the acquisition of responsiveness of granulosa cells of preantral follicles to FSH is proposed.
本文综述了抑制素相关肽（抑制素、激活素和卵泡抑素）在卵泡发生、黄体化和闭锁过程中的局部作用。基于体外实验数据，得出以下结论：（a）抑制素除了在调节促卵泡激素（FSH）分泌方面发挥外周作用外，还具有旁分泌作用，可正向调节促黄体生成素（LH）诱导的卵泡膜细胞雄激素生成；（b）激活素对LH诱导的卵泡膜细胞雄激素生成具有负向旁分泌作用；（c）激活素单独或与FSH共同作用时，对颗粒细胞具有自分泌作用，在卵泡发生的窦前和早期窦状卵泡阶段促进分化，并在窦状卵泡发育后期防止过早黄体化，总体上促进和维持卵泡的卵泡发生状态；（d）卵泡抑素调节颗粒细胞功能，有利于黄体化或闭锁，其作用机制包括通过结合特性中和激活素的作用，以及卵泡抑素对颗粒细胞孕酮代谢的直接作用。本文还提出了激活素在窦前卵泡颗粒细胞获得对FSH反应性过程中作用的假说。
