Bakke P S
Lungeavdelingen Haukeland sykehus, Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1993 Jan 20;113(2):177-81.
Obstructive lung disease can be divided into bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease. Forced expiratory volume for one second (FEV1) is the most commonly used variable to follow the course of obstructive lung disease. In healthy who have never smoked, FEV1 reaches a plateau phase at the age of 20-35 years, before starting to decrease with increasing age. In subjects with obstructive lung disease this plateau phase does not exist and the decline in FEV1 is steeper than in healthy subjects. Asthmatics who stop smoking, double the probability of remission of the disease. Remission of occupational asthma is dependent on early diagnosis of the disease. The disease seems to follow a more benign course in asthmatics with an allergic disposition than asthmatics without. The effect of a bronchodilator and antiinflammatory treatment on the course of obstructive lung disease is not known. Long-term oxygen therapy is the only treatment that clearly effects survival in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.
阻塞性肺疾病可分为支气管哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病。一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）是跟踪阻塞性肺疾病病程最常用的变量。在从不吸烟的健康人中，FEV1在20至35岁时达到平台期，之后随着年龄增长开始下降。在患有阻塞性肺疾病的受试者中，不存在这个平台期，且FEV1的下降比健康受试者更陡峭。戒烟的哮喘患者疾病缓解的概率翻倍。职业性哮喘的缓解取决于疾病的早期诊断。与无过敏倾向的哮喘患者相比，有过敏倾向的哮喘患者的疾病进程似乎更良性。支气管扩张剂和抗炎治疗对阻塞性肺疾病病程的影响尚不清楚。长期氧疗是唯一能明确影响慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生存的治疗方法。
