Wolf M E, Alexander B H, Rivara F P, Hickok D E, Maier R V, Starzyk P M
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
J Trauma. 1993 Jan;34(1):116-9. doi: 10.1097/00005373-199301000-00021.
To determine the effect of seatbelt use on pregnancy outcome we conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of pregnant women (20 weeks' gestation or more) involved in motor vehicle collisions. Birth and fetal death certificates were obtained for 1243 restrained and 1349 unrestrained pregnant women involved in police-investigated motor vehicle crashes from 1980 through 1988. Unrestrained pregnant women drivers were 1.9 times more likely to have a low birth weight baby (95% confidence intervals = 1.2, 2.9) and 2.3 times more likely to give birth within 48 hours after the motor vehicle crash (95% confidence intervals = 1.1, 4.8) than restrained pregnant women drivers after adjusting for age and gestational age at crash. Although a trend for an increased risk of fetal deaths was observed among unrestrained women, too few fetal deaths occurred to accurately describe any association with restraint status. This study provides reassurance that the current recommendations on use of seatbelts by pregnant women are appropriate and should be continued.
为了确定使用安全带对妊娠结局的影响，我们对涉及机动车碰撞事故的孕妇（妊娠20周及以上）进行了一项基于人群的回顾性队列研究。我们获取了1980年至1988年期间因警方调查的机动车事故而涉及的1243名系安全带孕妇和1349名未系安全带孕妇的出生和胎儿死亡证明。在对事故发生时的年龄和孕周进行调整后，未系安全带的孕妇司机生出低体重儿的可能性比系安全带的孕妇司机高1.9倍（95%置信区间为1.2, 2.9），在机动车碰撞事故后48小时内分娩的可能性高2.3倍（95%置信区间为1.1, 4.8）。尽管在未系安全带的女性中观察到胎儿死亡风险增加的趋势，但发生的胎儿死亡数量过少，无法准确描述与安全带使用状况的任何关联。这项研究让人放心，目前关于孕妇使用安全带的建议是恰当的，应该继续执行。
