Tanaka K, Watanabe R, Harada T, Dan K
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan.
Reg Anesth. 1993 Jan-Feb;18(1):34-8.
The authors report the role of epidural anesthesia and analgesia (EAA) and the incidence of epidural puncture-related complications in a university hospital in Japan.
Epidural anesthesia and analgesia was the major (39.7%) technique when administering 40,010 anesthetics. For the upper and the lower abdominal procedures, EAA was the major anesthetic technique in 79.5%, and 71.1% of these were carried out without potent inhaled anesthetics or long-acting muscle relaxants, and without endotracheal intubation.
Epidural anesthesia and analgesia-related complications included failure to produce anesthesia on the first attempt (4.1%), bleeding/intravascular cannulation (0.67%), unintentional dural puncture (0.61%), paresthesia (0.16%), and local anesthetic toxicity (0.12%).
The incidence of EAA-related complications was greater with lumbar than with thoracic puncture. Four patients had transient neuropathy related to epidural puncture, but no serious neurologic complications occurred.
作者报告了日本一家大学医院中硬膜外麻醉与镇痛（EAA）的作用以及硬膜外穿刺相关并发症的发生率。
在实施40010例麻醉时，硬膜外麻醉与镇痛是主要（39.7%）技术。对于上腹部和下腹部手术，EAA是79.5%的主要麻醉技术，其中71.1%的手术在没有强效吸入麻醉药或长效肌肉松弛剂且未行气管插管的情况下进行。
硬膜外麻醉与镇痛相关并发症包括首次尝试麻醉失败（4.1%）、出血/血管内插管（0.67%）、意外硬膜穿刺（0.61%）、感觉异常（0.16%）和局部麻醉药毒性反应（0.12%）。
与胸椎穿刺相比，腰椎穿刺时EAA相关并发症的发生率更高。4例患者出现与硬膜外穿刺相关的短暂性神经病变，但未发生严重神经并发症。
