Jin F, Devesa S S, Zheng W, Blot W J, Fraumeni J F, Gao Y T
Shanghai Cancer Institute, Department of Epidemiology, People's Republic of China.
Int J Cancer. 1993 Mar 12;53(5):764-70. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910530510.
Incidence data pertaining to more than 250,000 cancer cases diagnosed during the years 1972-1989 among residents of urban Shanghai, China, were analyzed to determine the relative importance of the various malignancies and to discover changes over time. In the most recent 3-year period, lung cancer was the most frequent cancer among men (57.0 per 100,000 person-years, age-adjusted world standard), followed by cancers of the stomach (50.1), liver (29.6), esophagus (13.3), colon (11.2) and rectum (9.4). Among women, breast cancer leads (25.1), followed by cancers of the stomach (23.2), lung (18.8), liver (10.9), colon (10.2) and rectum (7.3). The most impressive increases in incidence rates from 1972-74 to 1987-89 were observed for cancers of the gallbladder (119% and 101% among men and women, respectively), colon (85% and 78%), and brain and other nervous system (71% and 60%). In addition, increases of 20-50% occurred for cancers of the pancreas, male lung, female breast, corpus uteri, kidney, and for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Rates declined notably for cancers of the esophagus (-54% and -53%), cervix uteri (-86%), and to a lesser extent (10-20%) cancers of the male stomach and liver. These observed trends can be explained only partly by improvements in cancer diagnosis and completeness of the cancer registry, and most likely reflect changes in the prevalence of risk factors in this population.
对1972年至1989年期间在中国上海市区居民中诊断出的25万多例癌症病例的发病数据进行了分析，以确定各种恶性肿瘤的相对重要性，并发现随时间的变化情况。在最近的三年期间，肺癌是男性中最常见的癌症（年龄调整后的世界标准为每10万人年57.0例），其次是胃癌（50.1例）、肝癌（29.6例）、食管癌（13.3例）、结肠癌（11.2例）和直肠癌（9.4例）。在女性中，乳腺癌居首位（25.1例），其次是胃癌（23.2例）、肺癌（18.8例）、肝癌（10.9例）、结肠癌（10.2例）和直肠癌（7.3例）。从1972 - 1974年到1987 - 1989年，发病率增长最为显著的是胆囊癌（男性和女性分别为119%和101%）、结肠癌（85%和78%）以及脑和其他神经系统癌症（71%和60%）。此外，胰腺癌、男性肺癌、女性乳腺癌、子宫体癌、肾癌以及非霍奇金淋巴瘤的发病率增加了20% - 50%。食管癌（-54%和-53%）、子宫颈癌（-86%）的发病率显著下降，男性胃癌和肝癌的发病率也有一定程度（10% - 20%）的下降。观察到的这些趋势仅部分可以通过癌症诊断的改善和癌症登记的完整性来解释，很可能反映了该人群中危险因素流行情况的变化。
