McKee R D, Squire L R
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1993 Mar;19(2):397-404. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.19.2.397.
In the visual paired-comparison task, which has been used to demonstrate memory abilities in human infants, Ss view pairs of pictures and then view new pictures paired with old ones. Memory is demonstrated when Ss spend more time looking at new pictures than at old ones. In a series of studies involving amnesic patients and normal Ss, the authors evaluated what kind of memory is exhibited in this task. The results suggest that performance ordinarily depends on the brain structures essential for declarative memory. These and other findings suggest that the visual paired-comparison test also depends on declarative memory when the task is given to human infants. Thus, successful performance on this task by infants probably reflects an early capacity for declarative memory. The relevance of these findings to the phenomenon of infantile amnesia is discussed.
在用于证明人类婴儿记忆能力的视觉配对比较任务中，受试者观看图片对，然后观看与旧图片配对的新图片。当受试者观看新图片的时间比观看旧图片的时间长时，就证明有记忆。在一系列涉及失忆症患者和正常受试者的研究中，作者评估了该任务中表现出的是哪种记忆。结果表明，表现通常取决于陈述性记忆所必需的大脑结构。这些以及其他研究结果表明，当将该任务用于人类婴儿时，视觉配对比较测试也依赖于陈述性记忆。因此，婴儿在这项任务上的成功表现可能反映了早期的陈述性记忆能力。本文讨论了这些发现与婴儿期遗忘现象的相关性。
