Selective adaptation of internally triggered saccades made to visual targets.

We examined whether internally triggered saccades made to a nonjumping target (I-saccades) could be adapted independently from externally triggered saccades induced by a jumping target (E-saccades). Five subjects made I-saccades between two fixed targets, one placed straight ahead and the other one positioned at an eccentricity of 17.5 degrees. The peripheral target was displaced to an eccentricity of 8.75 degrees during the saccadic movements toward this target. Amplitudes of the I-saccades made from the central to the peripheral target before and after adaptation were compared with each other. Saccadic amplitudes after adaptation were between 10% and 42% smaller than those before adaptation. E-saccades induced by a single target which jumped from straight ahead to the same peripheral target position as was used for the I-saccades were also measured before and after the adaptation of I-saccades. Amplitudes of E-saccades before and after adaptation were hardly different from each other except in one subject. The mean decreases in amplitude of the two types of saccades, averaged over all subjects, were 21% for I-saccades and 5% for E-saccades. These results show that I-saccades can be adapted to changed visual conditions while E-saccades remain unadapted. We conclude from this finding that I-saccades and E-saccades are generated by at least partially different neural mechanisms.