Simpson J L
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Apr;168(4):1231-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(93)90374-r.
The purpose of this study was to review the validity of published studies that consider modifying physical activity during pregnancy to decrease preterm births and low birth weight.
Presented is a critical review of extant literature, both case-control studies and studies of pregnant women followed up in cohort fashion.
Studies both showing and not showing an association between employment and adverse outcome exist. However, no randomized trials have been reported. The most plausible associations exist for prolonged standing, long working hours, and lifting heavy objects.
Until the biologic basis of parturition is known, definitive conclusions are probably not possible. Proposals to require pregnancy leave for all employees seem premature. However, physicians must be sensitive to dilemmas faced by some employees and encourage voluntary leave for those placed in positions characterized by occupational fatigue.
本研究旨在回顾已发表的关于孕期调整体力活动以降低早产和低出生体重发生率的研究的有效性。
对现有文献进行批判性综述，包括病例对照研究以及对孕妇进行队列随访的研究。
既有显示工作与不良结局之间存在关联的研究，也有未显示这种关联的研究。然而，尚无随机试验的报道。最有可能存在关联的因素是长时间站立、工作时间过长以及搬运重物。
在分娩的生物学基础尚未明确之前，可能无法得出确定性结论。要求所有员工休产假的提议似乎为时过早。然而，医生必须对一些员工面临的困境保持敏感，并鼓励那些处于职业疲劳状态的员工自愿休假。
