Arlian L G, Rapp C M, Fernandez-Caldas E
Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993 May;91(5):1051-8. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(93)90219-6.
The house dust mite, Euroglyphus maynei (EM), is common in homes in England, Europe, the southern United States, and other parts of the world. It is often present in densities greater than 100 mites per gram of dust. EM usually occurs with Dermatophagoides farinae (DF) and D. pteronyssinus (DP) and it is frequently more abundant than Dermatophagoides species. Therefore the allergenicity of EM and the cross-reactivity between EM and Dermatophagoides species are important considerations for diagnosis of mite-induced allergy and the use of appropriate immunotherapy.
Crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed that EM was the source of at least 33 antigens. Crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis with 32 different sera from patients with RAST results that were positive to EM and skin test results that were positive to both DF and DP identified 15 allergens. Individual sera recognized two to eight EM antigens as allergens.
Ninety-one percent of the patients showed serum IgE directed at three or more allergens. Eighty-four percent of the patients had moderate or strong levels of IgE directed at antigen no. 33. All 15 allergens showed moderate or strong IgE binding by one or more sera. EM shared four and six cross-reacting allergens with DF and DP, respectively. Therefore 11 and 9 allergens of EM were species-specific and not shared by DF and DP, respectively.
The results of this study clearly indicate that sensitivity to EM should be considered in geographic areas where this mite is abundant in homes.
家尘螨，梅氏嗜霉螨（EM），在英格兰、欧洲、美国南部以及世界其他地区的家庭中很常见。其在灰尘中的密度通常大于每克100只螨虫。EM通常与粉尘螨（DF）和屋尘螨（DP）同时出现，且其数量往往比粉尘螨属的种类更多。因此，EM的致敏性以及EM与粉尘螨属种类之间的交叉反应性是诊断螨诱导过敏和使用适当免疫疗法时的重要考虑因素。
交叉免疫电泳显示EM是至少33种抗原的来源。用来自RAST结果对EM呈阳性且皮肤试验结果对DF和DP均呈阳性的患者的32种不同血清进行交叉放射免疫电泳，鉴定出15种过敏原。个体血清将两到八种EM抗原识别为过敏原。
91%的患者血清IgE针对三种或更多种过敏原。84%的患者针对33号抗原具有中度或高水平的IgE。所有15种过敏原均被一种或多种血清显示出中度或强烈的IgE结合。EM分别与DF和DP共有四种和六种交叉反应性过敏原。因此，EM分别有11种和9种过敏原是种特异性的，不被DF和DP共享。
本研究结果清楚地表明，在家庭中这种螨虫大量存在的地理区域，应考虑对EM的敏感性。
