Birch J, McKeever L M
Department of Optometry and Visual Science, City University, London, UK.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1993 Jan;13(1):35-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.1993.tb00423.x.
The accuracy of three new pseudoisochromatic tests for detecting red-green colour deficiency was assessed. These were the Ishihara plates, the Ishihara test for 'unlettered persons' and Ohkuma's test cards. We examined 500 subjects; 471 normal trichromats and 29 colour-deficient people. Results obtained for the 1989 edition of the Ishihara plates were compared with the 9th edition and the most efficient plates identified. Although normal trichromats may be expected to make several interpretive misreadings, the Ishihara plates were found to be superior to the 9th edition and to the Ohkuma test (1986) for colour vision screening. The new symbol designs of the Ishihara plates for 'unlettered persons' (1990) were found to be very effective for colour vision screening, and a further study with young children is proposed. The 38 plate 1989 edition of the Ishihara test is recommended for use in clinical practice. The designs included in the concise 24 plate edition and the new abbreviated 14 plate edition are not selected from the point of view of accuracy and more reliable results are obtained if the full test is given or if the practitioner shows only the most efficient designs.
对三种用于检测红绿色觉缺陷的新型伪等色测试的准确性进行了评估。这三种测试分别是石原氏色盲测试图、石原氏“无文字者”测试以及大隈氏测试卡。我们检查了500名受试者，其中471名是正常三色视者，29名是色觉缺陷者。将1989年版石原氏色盲测试图的结果与第9版进行了比较，并确定了最有效的测试图。虽然正常三色视者可能会出现一些解读错误，但发现石原氏色盲测试图在色觉筛查方面优于第9版和大隈氏测试（1986年）。发现石原氏“无文字者”测试图（1990年）的新符号设计在色觉筛查方面非常有效，并提议对幼儿进行进一步研究。建议在临床实践中使用1989年版的38张石原氏测试图。精简的24张版和新的缩写14张版中的设计从准确性角度未被选用，如果进行完整测试或从业者仅展示最有效的设计，则可获得更可靠的结果。
