Murakawa K
Department of Anesthesiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya.
Masui. 1993 May;42(5):646-52.
The cervical sympathetic trunks send peripheral branches to the external carotid artery system which in turn provides feeding vessels to the facial nerves. In this study, the changes in the tonus of these trunks and the associated changes in the microcirculation of the facial nerves were studied by electrical stimulation and by chemical blockade of the cervical sympathetic trunks in mongrel dogs. With electrical stimulation, marked increases in arterial blood pressure and the heart rate were observed although the common carotid arterial blood flow and tissue blood flow in facial nerves decreased markedly. This suggests that microcirculation in the facial nerve is definitely impaired by electrical stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunks and that hypertonicity of the sympathetic nervous system is closely involved in the onset of facial palsy. When chemical blockade was applied to the same trunks, the arterial blood pressure and heart rate showed no significant changes. However, there were marked increases of the blood flow in common carotid artery and facial nerve tissue. This finding of improved microcirculation in the facial nerve after chemical blockade suggests that stellate ganglion block may be a very effective treatment for Bell's palsy.
颈交感干向颈外动脉系统发出外周分支，而颈外动脉系统又为面神经提供供血血管。在本研究中，通过电刺激和化学阻断杂种犬的颈交感干，研究了这些交感干紧张度的变化以及面神经微循环的相关变化。电刺激时，尽管颈总动脉血流和面神经组织血流显著减少，但动脉血压和心率明显升高。这表明，颈交感干的电刺激肯定会损害面神经的微循环，并且交感神经系统的高张力与面瘫的发病密切相关。当对同一交感干进行化学阻断时，动脉血压和心率无明显变化。然而，颈总动脉和面神经组织的血流显著增加。化学阻断后面神经微循环改善的这一发现表明，星状神经节阻滞可能是治疗贝尔面瘫的一种非常有效的方法。
