Yoshida Y, Shimazaki T, Tanaka Y, Hirano M
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Japan.
Acta Otolaryngol. 1993 May;113(3):415-20. doi: 10.3109/00016489309135837.
Localization, projections and role of ganglia and ganglionic neurons in the laryngeal framework were demonstrated in cats. Six to 8 large size ganglia containing 50 to 80 ganglionic neurons per ganglion in the paraglottic space, 4 to 6 small ganglia involving 5 to 25 cells in each ganglion dorsal to the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, and 1 to 3 small ganglia including 15 to 25 perikarya per ganglion around the inferior laryngeal nerve were observed. Each ganglion showed spindle shaped covering fibrous capsule. Ganglionic neurons totaling 600 to 800 were oval shaped with an average diameter of 25 microns. Projections of the ganglionic neurons to the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and nodose ganglion (NG) through the ipsilateral internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and to periphery were detected. From the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, SCG and NG, the ganglionic cells received projections ipsilaterally. On immunocytochemistry many vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactive (ir) neurons, some neuropeptide Y (NPY)- and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-ir neurons and a few substance P (SP)-ir cells were recognized in ganglions. VIP-, NPY-, TH-, SP-, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-ir fibers were also observed in and around vessels and glands. Following denervation, VIP-, NPY- and TH-ir neurons and fibers did not change. These results prove that laryngeal ganglionic neurons have endogenic autonomic, especially cholinergic nature and innervate vessels and glands.
在猫身上证实了喉结构中神经节和神经节神经元的定位、投射及其作用。在声门旁间隙观察到6至8个大神经节，每个神经节含有50至80个神经节神经元；在环杓后肌背侧有4至6个小神经节，每个神经节有5至25个细胞；在喉下神经周围有1至3个小神经节，每个神经节有15至25个神经核周体。每个神经节都有纺锤形的被膜纤维囊。总计600至800个神经节神经元呈椭圆形，平均直径为25微米。检测到神经节神经元通过同侧喉上神经内支向上颈神经节（SCG）和结状神经节（NG）以及向周围的投射。神经节细胞从迷走神经背运动核、SCG和NG接受同侧投射。免疫细胞化学显示，神经节中有许多血管活性肠肽（VIP）免疫反应性（ir）神经元、一些神经肽Y（NPY）和酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）ir神经元以及少数P物质（SP）ir细胞。在血管和腺体及其周围也观察到VIP、NPY、TH、SP和降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）ir纤维。去神经支配后，VIP、NPY和TH ir神经元及纤维没有变化。这些结果证明喉神经节神经元具有内源性自主神经性质，尤其是胆碱能性质，并支配血管和腺体。
