Weeda G, Hoeijmakers J H, Bootsma D
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Bioessays. 1993 Apr;15(4):249-58. doi: 10.1002/bies.950150405.
The maintenance of genetic integrity is of vital importance to all living organisms. However, DNA--the carrier of genetic information--is continuously subject to damage induced by numerous agents from the environment and endogenous cellular metabolites. To prevent the deleterious consequences of DNA injury, an intricate network of repair systems has evolved. The biological impact of these repair mechanisms is illustrated by a number of genetic diseases that are characterized by a defect in one of the repair machineries and in general predispose individuals to cancer. This article intends to review our current understanding of the complex nucleotide excision repair pathway, a universal repair system with a broad lesion specificity. Emphasis will be on the recent advances in the genetic analysis of this process in mammalian cells.
维持遗传完整性对所有生物都至关重要。然而，作为遗传信息载体的DNA，不断受到来自环境的多种因素以及内源性细胞代谢产物所诱导的损伤。为防止DNA损伤产生有害后果，一个复杂的修复系统网络逐渐演化形成。许多遗传性疾病体现了这些修复机制的生物学影响，这些疾病的特征是其中一种修复机制存在缺陷，并且通常使个体易患癌症。本文旨在综述我们目前对复杂的核苷酸切除修复途径的理解，这是一种具有广泛损伤特异性的通用修复系统。重点将放在哺乳动物细胞中该过程遗传分析的最新进展上。
