Smeets J B, Brenner E
Vakgroep Fysiologie, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Biol Cybern. 1995 Nov;73(6):519-28. doi: 10.1007/BF00199544.
Subjects made fast goal-directed arm movements towards moving targets. In some cases, the perceived direction of target motion was manipulated by moving the background. By comparing the trajectories towards moving targets with those towards static targets, we determined the position towards which subjects were aiming at movement onset. We showed that this position was an extrapolation in the target's perceived direction from its position at that moment using its perceived direction of motion. If subjects were to continue to extrapolate in the perceived direction of target motion from the position at which they perceive the target at each instant, the error would decrease during the movements. By analysing the differences between subjects' arm movements towards targets moving in different (apparent) directions with a linear second-order model, we show that the reduction in the error that this predicts is not enough to explain how subjects compensate for their initial misjudgments.
受试者朝着移动目标快速做出目标导向的手臂动作。在某些情况下，通过移动背景来操纵目标运动的感知方向。通过将朝着移动目标的轨迹与朝着静态目标的轨迹进行比较，我们确定了受试者在运动开始时所瞄准的位置。我们发现，这个位置是根据目标当时的位置及其感知到的运动方向，在目标的感知方向上进行的外推。如果受试者要从他们在每个瞬间感知到目标的位置继续沿目标运动的感知方向进行外推，那么在运动过程中误差将会减小。通过使用线性二阶模型分析受试者朝着不同（表观）方向移动的目标的手臂动作之间的差异，我们表明，这种预测的误差减小不足以解释受试者如何补偿他们最初的误判。
