Rota J S, Heath J L, Rota P A, King G E, Celma M L, Carabaña J, Fernandez-Muñoz R, Brown D, Jin L, Bellini W J
Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jan;173(1):32-7. doi: 10.1093/infdis/173.1.32.
The nucleotide sequences of either the hemagglutinin or nucleoprotein genes from wild type measles viruses isolated in the United States between 1989 and 1992 differed by < 0.5%. This suggests that the majority of viruses associated with resurgence of measles in the United States belonged to a single indigenous genotype. In contrast, wild type viruses isolated from sporadic outbreaks of measles in the United States during 1994 were genetically heterogeneous. These viruses were more closely related to wild type viruses previously circulating in Europe, Africa, or Japan and were epidemiologically linked to importations or no known source. In addition to demonstrating the utility of genetic analysis in understanding the epidemiology of measles, these data suggest that the transmission of the indigenous virus was interrupted after the 1989-1992 epidemic. Measures to further reduce the incidence of measles in the United States should include efforts to control importation and subsequent spread of measles.
1989年至1992年间在美国分离出的野生型麻疹病毒的血凝素或核蛋白基因的核苷酸序列差异小于0.5%。这表明，在美国与麻疹疫情复发相关的大多数病毒属于单一的本土基因型。相比之下，1994年在美国散发性麻疹疫情中分离出的野生型病毒在基因上是异质的。这些病毒与先前在欧洲、非洲或日本传播的野生型病毒关系更为密切，并且在流行病学上与输入病例或不明来源有关。这些数据除了证明基因分析在理解麻疹流行病学方面的作用外，还表明1989 - 1992年疫情后本土病毒的传播被中断。美国进一步降低麻疹发病率的措施应包括努力控制麻疹的输入和后续传播。
