Thomson A, Rundle S, Singh B B, Watts R, Sexton P, Woodward D
Royal Hobart Hospital, Tas.
Aust N Z J Med. 1995 Aug;25(4):290-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1995.tb01892.x.
The death rate from cardiovascular disease in Tasmania has been among the highest in Australian States for a number of years. The North-West (NW) and Northern regions of Tasmania account for most of the increased mortality.
To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the North and NW regions of Tasmania and to ascertain whether any differences are consistent with the regional patterns of mortality for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) within the State.
The design of the study was almost identical to the previous National Heart Foundation (NHF) Risk Factor Prevalence Survey conducted in 1989. The subjects, aged 20-69 years, were randomly selected from the Electoral Roll with 1146 subjects participating in the North and 1219 in the NW. Subjects answered a detailed questionnaire and then underwent a brief physical examination with venipuncture for blood lipids. Hobart data from the NHF Risk Factor Prevalence Survey in 1989 were used as an estimate of risk factor prevalence in the Southern region.
In both males and females, mean systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the NW than the South which was in turn higher than the North. Mean serum cholesterol levels in males were higher in the NW than the North. Smoking behaviour was similar in males and females in all regions. Males and females in the NW and North were more inactive than those in the South. Similar proportions in all regions were on either 'no specific' or 'fat modified' diets. Body mass index in males and females was higher in the NW and North but waist to hip ratios failed to show a consistent trend.
While the NW has an unfavourable risk factor profile compared with the South, the North does not. The risk factor data are broadly consistent with, but unlikely to be sufficient to explain fully, the regional differences in mortality from IHD.
多年来，塔斯马尼亚州的心血管疾病死亡率一直位居澳大利亚各州前列。塔斯马尼亚州的西北部（NW）和北部地区的死亡率上升幅度最大。
确定塔斯马尼亚州北部和西北部地区心血管危险因素的流行情况，并确定是否存在与该州缺血性心脏病（IHD）死亡率区域模式相符的差异。
本研究的设计与1989年之前进行的前一次国家心脏基金会（NHF）危险因素流行率调查几乎相同。研究对象为20至69岁，从选民名册中随机选取，北部有1146名受试者参与，西北部有1219名。受试者回答了一份详细的问卷，然后接受了一次简短的身体检查，并进行静脉穿刺以检测血脂。1989年NHF危险因素流行率调查中的霍巴特数据被用作南部地区危险因素流行率的估计值。
在男性和女性中，西北部的平均收缩压显著高于南部，而南部又高于北部。男性的平均血清胆固醇水平在西北部高于北部。所有地区男性和女性的吸烟行为相似。西北部和北部的男性和女性比南部的人更不活跃。所有地区处于“无特定”或“脂肪改良”饮食的比例相似。西北部和北部男性和女性的体重指数较高，但腰臀比未显示出一致的趋势。
与南部相比，西北部的危险因素状况不利，而北部则不然。危险因素数据与IHD死亡率的区域差异大致一致，但不太可能足以完全解释这些差异。
