Lindfors A, Wickman M, Hedlin G, Pershagen G, Rietz H, Nordvall S L
Department of Paediatrics, Danderyd Hospital, Sweden.
Arch Dis Child. 1995 Nov;73(5):408-12. doi: 10.1136/adc.73.5.408.
One hundred and ninety three children with asthma and 318 controls aged 1-4 years were evaluated for atopic heredity and exposure to possible indoor risk factors for asthma-for example exposure to furred pets, tobacco smoke, and home dampness. A subgroup of cases were classified as cat and/or dog allergic on the basis of skin prick tests. Heredity for asthma was a significant risk factor (odds ratio (OR) 3.0, confidence interval (CI) 2.1 to 4.6). Environmental tobacco smoke was associated with an excess risk for asthma (OR 1.7, CI 1.1 to 2.3) and signs of home dampness tended to increase this risk (OR 1.3, CI 0.9 to 2.0). High dose exposure to cat and/or dog resulted in an increased risk only in asthma cases sensitised to cat and/or dog (OR 2.7, CI 1.0 to 7.3). A combination of high dose exposure to cat and/or dog, environmental tobacco smoke and damp housing was associated with an OR of 8.0 (CI 1.9 to 34.1). Raised indoor humidity has been shown to reflect low air exchange, which may also lead to increased doses of inhaled aeroallergens and tobacco smoke, and contribute to the interaction between the three risk factors.
对193名患有哮喘的儿童和318名1至4岁的对照儿童进行了评估，以确定特应性遗传情况以及是否接触过可能的室内哮喘风险因素，例如接触有毛宠物、烟草烟雾和家庭潮湿环境。根据皮肤点刺试验，将一部分病例分类为对猫和/或狗过敏。哮喘遗传是一个显著的风险因素（比值比（OR）为3.0，置信区间（CI）为2.1至4.6）。环境烟草烟雾与哮喘风险增加相关（OR为1.7，CI为1.1至2.3），家庭潮湿迹象往往会增加这种风险（OR为1.3，CI为0.9至2.0）。高剂量接触猫和/或狗仅在对猫和/或狗致敏的哮喘病例中导致风险增加（OR为2.7，CI为1.0至7.3）。高剂量接触猫和/或狗、环境烟草烟雾和潮湿住房同时存在时，比值比为8.0（CI为1.9至34.1）。室内湿度升高已被证明反映了空气交换率低，这也可能导致吸入性气传变应原和烟草烟雾剂量增加，并促成这三种风险因素之间的相互作用。
