Koo T K, Mak A F, Lee Y L
Jockey Club Rehabilitation Engineering Centre, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, New Territories, Hong Kong.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996 Jan;77(1):40-7. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(96)90218-x.
This study aimed at investigating the effects of sitting posture on ischial pressure and pelvic orientation for two types of cushions.
Two types of seating devices, Roho and Polyurethane (PU) Foam cushions, six predefined postures, and two subject groups, Normal and Paraplegic, were tested. Ischial pressure and pelvic orientation were monitored. The sequence in which the cushions were tested were randomized, and the postures were tested according to a preplanned sequence.
The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of a rehabilitation engineering centre in Hong Kong.
Six paraplegic subjects (referred sample) and 8 normal volunteers were tested. At the time of study, no subjects showed any signs of pressure sore or other health problems.
It was hypothesized that sitting posture could significantly affect pelvic orientation as well as pressure distribution. It was also hypothesized that cushion selection was a critical factor in compensating the adverse effects of postures on pressure distribution.
With the paraplegic group, the maximum ischial pressure recorded on Roho for various postures ranged from 88 mmHg for the Trunk-Bent-Forward (PF) posture to 146 mmHg for the Trunk-Bent-Right (PR) posture, whereas on PU foam cushions, the values ranged from 106 mmHg for the PF posture to 221 mmHg for the PR posture. With the paraplegic subjects sitting with their trunks bent laterally, it was found that the mean pressure difference between the left and right ischial tuberosities was more prominent on the PU foam cushion than on the Roho.
Sitting posture can significantly affect pelvic orientation and ischial pressure. This study was also showed that the Roho cushion was significantly more efficient in compensating the adverse effects of sitting posture on pressure distribution.
本研究旨在探讨两种坐垫的坐姿对坐骨压力和骨盆方向的影响。
测试了两种座椅装置，即罗霍（Roho）坐垫和聚氨酯（PU）泡沫坐垫、六种预定义姿势以及两组受试者，即正常组和截瘫组。监测坐骨压力和骨盆方向。坐垫测试顺序随机，姿势根据预先计划的顺序进行测试。
实验在香港一家康复工程中心的实验室进行。
测试了6名截瘫受试者（参考样本）和8名正常志愿者。在研究时，没有受试者表现出任何压疮迹象或其他健康问题。
假设坐姿会显著影响骨盆方向以及压力分布。还假设坐垫选择是补偿姿势对压力分布不利影响的关键因素。
对于截瘫组，罗霍坐垫在各种姿势下记录的最大坐骨压力范围为，躯干前屈（PF）姿势时为88 mmHg，躯干右倾（PR）姿势时为146 mmHg；而在PU泡沫坐垫上，该值范围为PF姿势时106 mmHg至PR姿势时221 mmHg。当截瘫受试者躯干侧倾坐着时，发现PU泡沫坐垫上左右坐骨结节之间的平均压力差比罗霍坐垫上更明显。
坐姿可显著影响骨盆方向和坐骨压力。本研究还表明，罗霍坐垫在补偿坐姿对压力分布的不利影响方面显著更有效。
