Blatt S J
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Am Psychol. 1995 Dec;50(12):1003-20. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.50.12.1003.
Reports in the public media indicate that intense perfectionism and severe self-criticism played a role in the suicide of three remarkably talented individuals. The role of perfectionism in these suicides is consistent with recent extensive investigations of aspects of perfectionism as well as further analyses of the NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program (TDCRP), indicating that intense perfectionism interfered significantly with therapeutic response in the various brief treatments for depression. Self-critical individuals, however, made substantial improvement in long-term intensive treatment. These findings suggest the value of considering psychopathology, especially depression, from a psychological rather than a symptomatic perspective; that different patients may be differentially responsive to various types of therapy; and that more extensive therapy may be necessary for many highly perfectionistic, self-critical patients.
公共媒体的报道表明，强烈的完美主义和严厉的自我批评在三位极具天赋的人自杀事件中起到了作用。完美主义在这些自杀事件中所起的作用，与近期对完美主义各方面的广泛调查以及对美国国立精神卫生研究所抑郁症治疗协作研究项目（TDCRP）的进一步分析结果一致，这些分析表明，强烈的完美主义在各种抑郁症短期治疗中显著干扰了治疗反应。然而，自我批评的个体在长期强化治疗中取得了显著改善。这些发现表明，从心理学而非症状学角度考虑精神病理学，尤其是抑郁症，具有重要价值；不同患者对不同类型的治疗可能有不同反应；对于许多高度完美主义、自我批评的患者而言，可能需要更广泛的治疗。
