Smoreda Z
Université de Paris 8, Groupe de Recherche sur l'Idéo-logique et les Fonctionnements Socio-cognitifs, Saint-Denis, France.
Br J Soc Psychol. 1995 Dec;34 ( Pt 4):421-35. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01075.x.
This paper examines the relation between power attributed to members of heterosexual couples and the perception of their personalities in terms of gender stereotyped traits. Three-hundred and fifty adults, native French subjects (women and men) participated in the study. They attributed daily family tasks and decisions to the target persons; then, they described them on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. The results indicated strong correlations between observers' representations of power distribution in the couple and the gender related personality descriptions of the couple. The attribution of 'instrumental' traits increased (and 'expressive' traits decreased) according to the degree of power assigned to the target person of either sex. On the 'instrumentality' dimension, accentuation of perceptions of people in gender role inconsistent positions was also observed. The simultaneous influences of general gender stereotypes and specific relations between the gender roles in dyads on the perception of individuals are discussed. It is proposed that social relations of dominance provide a model for the construction of gender stereotypes and their contextual applications.
本文探讨了异性恋伴侣中成员的权力归属与其基于性别刻板印象特征的个性认知之间的关系。350名以法语为母语的成年受试者（包括男性和女性）参与了这项研究。他们将日常家庭任务和决策归因于目标人物；然后，他们根据贝姆性别角色量表对这些人物进行描述。结果表明，观察者对伴侣中权力分配的认知与对伴侣的性别相关个性描述之间存在强烈的相关性。根据赋予任一性别的目标人物的权力程度，“工具性”特质的归因增加（而“表达性”特质的归因减少）。在“工具性”维度上，也观察到对处于性别角色不一致位置的人的认知的强化。本文讨论了一般性别刻板印象以及二元组中性别角色之间的特定关系对个体认知的同时影响。研究提出，支配性的社会关系为性别刻板印象的构建及其情境应用提供了一个模型。
