Conway M, Pizzamiglio M T, Mount L
Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Jul;71(1):25-38. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.71.1.25.
Four studies addressed the hypothesis, based on correspondence bias, that low- relative to high-status individuals are perceived as more communal and less agentic. Study 1 instantiated status in terms of occupations, and findings were as expected. The findings of Study 2 reconciled those of Study 1 and of A.H. Eagly and V.J. Steffen (1984) in that they demonstrated that high-status occupations are differentially construed in terms of their interpersonal communal demands. The hypothesis received clear support in Studies 3 and 4, in which a general instantiation of status independent of occupations, social roles, and gender was adopted. The findings are discussed in terms of gender stereotypes and social role theory of gender (A.H. Eagly, 1987) as well as in terms of other stereotypes.
四项研究探讨了基于对应偏差的假设，即与高地位个体相比，低地位个体被认为更具社群性且能动性更低。研究1以职业来体现地位，结果符合预期。研究2的结果调和了研究1以及A.H.伊格利和V.J.斯特芬（1984年）的研究结果，因为它们表明高地位职业在人际社群需求方面有不同的解读。该假设在研究3和研究4中得到了明确支持，这两项研究采用了独立于职业、社会角色和性别的地位一般体现方式。研究结果将根据性别刻板印象和性别社会角色理论（A.H.伊格利，1987年）以及其他刻板印象进行讨论。
