Horak B, Dutkiewicz J, Solarz K
Department of Biology and Parasitology, Silesian University School of Medicine, Katowice, Poland.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1996 Jan;76(1):41-50. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)63405-9.
Pyroglyphid mites are considered a major cause of house dust allergy. The occurrence and possible pathogenic role of other biologic components of house dust, in particular bacteria, has received less attention.
The aim of this study was to examine bacteria present in the samples of house dust from beds, in comparison to fungi and mites recovery.
Samples of bed dust were collected from 40 homes in Upper Silesia (Poland). Of these, 19 came from the homes of people with asthma caused by house dust and 21 from the homes of people without allergy. The concentrations of bacteria, fungi, mites, and endotoxin and species composition of microflora and acarofauna were determined.
The overall mean concentrations of mesophilic bacteria, thermophilic bacteria and fungi, including yeasts, were, respectively, 1.6 x 10(6), 1.7 x 10(3), and 1.6 x 10(4) CFU/g. Samples contained an average of 8.4 mites/g and the ten samples assayed for bacterial endotoxin averaged 80.4 ng/mg. A total of 55 species of bacteria, 40 of fungi and 13 of mites were found. Gram-positive cocci (mostly Staphylococcus spp.) were the predominant mesophilic bacteria, followed by corynebacteria and Bacillus spp. Thermophilic bacteria were represented only by actinomycetes, with Thermoactinomyces vulgaris predominant. The most numerous fungi were Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. followed by yeasts. The most abundant mites were Dermatophagoides spp. which formed > 85% of the total count. There were no significant differences between the homes of allergic and nonallergic people in the concentrations of total bacteria, fungi, and mites. Bacillus, Aspergillus and total filamentous fungi (molds), but not yeasts, were significantly more numerous in the homes of people with asthma caused by house dust.
The results suggest that some species of bacteria and filamentous fungi should be considered potential causes of house dust allergy.
粉尘螨被认为是室内灰尘过敏的主要原因。室内灰尘中其他生物成分，尤其是细菌的存在及其可能的致病作用受到的关注较少。
本研究旨在检测来自床铺的室内灰尘样本中的细菌，并与真菌和螨虫的检出情况进行比较。
从波兰上西里西亚的40户家庭收集床铺灰尘样本。其中，19份来自因室内灰尘导致哮喘的患者家庭，21份来自无过敏症状的家庭。测定了细菌、真菌、螨虫的浓度以及内毒素含量，还确定了微生物区系和螨类区系的物种组成。
嗜温菌、嗜热菌和真菌（包括酵母菌）的总体平均浓度分别为1.6×10⁶、1.7×10³和1.6×10⁴CFU/g。样本平均每克含有8.4只螨虫，检测细菌内毒素的10个样本平均为80.4 ng/mg。共发现55种细菌、40种真菌和13种螨虫。革兰氏阳性球菌（主要是葡萄球菌属）是主要的嗜温菌，其次是棒状杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属。嗜热菌仅由放线菌代表，其中普通嗜热放线菌占主导。数量最多的真菌是青霉属和曲霉属，其次是酵母菌。数量最多的螨虫是尘螨属，占总数的85%以上。过敏人群家庭和非过敏人群家庭在总细菌、真菌和螨虫浓度方面没有显著差异。芽孢杆菌属、曲霉属和总丝状真菌（霉菌），但不包括酵母菌，在因室内灰尘导致哮喘的患者家庭中数量明显更多。
结果表明，某些细菌和丝状真菌物种应被视为室内灰尘过敏的潜在原因。
