Tinnerberg H, Skarping G, Dalene M, Hagmar L
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1995;67(6):367-74. doi: 10.1007/BF00381050.
An isocyanate generation apparatus was developed and stable isocyanate atmospheres were obtained. At a concentration of 5 micrograms 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) per m3 the precision was found to be 7% (n = 5). Three volunteers were each exposed to three different concentrations of HDI (11.9, 20.5, and 22.1 micrograms/m3) and three concentrations of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (12.1, 17.7, and 50.7 micrograms/m3), in an exposure chamber. The duration of the exposure was 2 h. Urine and blood samples were collected, and hydrolysed under alkaline conditions to the HDI and IPDI corresponding amines, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HDA) and isophorone diamine (IPDA), determined as their pentafluoropropionic anhydride amides (HDA-PFPA and IPDA-PFPA). The HDA- and IPDA-PFPA derivatives were analysed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry with thermospray monitoring negative ions. When working up samples from the exposed persons without hydrolysis, no HDA or IPDA was seen. The average urinary excretion of the corresponding amine was 39% for HDI and 27% for IPDI. An association between the estimated inhaled dose and the total excreted amount was seen. The average urinary elimination half-time for HDA was 2.5 h and for IPDA, 2.8 h. The hydrolysis condition giving the highest yield of HDA and IPDA in urine was found to be hydrolysis with 3 M sodium hydroxide during 4 h. No HDA or IPDA could be found in hydrolysed plasma (< ca 0.1 micrograms/l).
开发了一种异氰酸酯生成装置，并获得了稳定的异氰酸酯气氛。在每立方米5微克1,6 - 己二异氰酸酯（HDI）的浓度下，精度为7%（n = 5）。三名志愿者在暴露舱中分别暴露于三种不同浓度的HDI（11.9、20.5和22.1微克/立方米）和三种浓度的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）（12.1、17.7和50.7微克/立方米）。暴露持续时间为2小时。采集尿液和血液样本，并在碱性条件下水解为与HDI和IPDI对应的胺，即1,6 - 己二胺（HDA）和异佛尔酮二胺（IPDA），将其测定为它们的五氟丙酸酐酰胺（HDA - PFPA和IPDA - PFPA）。使用带热喷雾监测负离子的液相色谱质谱法分析HDA - PFPA和IPDA - PFPA衍生物。在对未水解的暴露者样本进行处理时，未检测到HDA或IPDA。相应胺的平均尿排泄量HDI为39%，IPDI为27%。观察到估计的吸入剂量与总排泄量之间存在关联。HDA的平均尿排泄半衰期为2.5小时，IPDA为2.8小时。发现尿液中产生HDA和IPDA产率最高的水解条件是用3 M氢氧化钠水解4小时。在水解的血浆中未发现HDA或IPDA（<约0.1微克/升）。
