Hakulinen T, Paunonen M
University of Tampere, Department of Nursing Science, Finland.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 Nov;22(5):830-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1995.tb02631.x.
Within the context of an international comparative family dynamics project, this study had two chief goals: to describe the family dynamics of childbearing and childrearing families in Finland, and to study changes in family dynamics after childbirth. The sample consisted of families expecting (n = 118) and rearing (n = 94) their first or second child in Finland. Two instruments were used in data collection, i.e. the Family Dynamics Questionnaire and the Family Dynamics Measure; both these tools have been developed in the USA. According to the results, childbearing and childrearing families were thought to function quite well. Pregnant mothers described their family dynamics in more positive terms than fathers, reporting greater flexibility and clearer communication. Similarly, mothers reported more individuation and mutuality than their partners. First-time expectant families reported more mutuality than families expecting their second child. Childrearing mothers reported more individuation, but also more role conflict than did fathers. Communication in families rearing their first child was clearer than in families rearing their second child. The birth of a child affected family dynamics by bringing about various changes such as role conflict, isolation and distorted communication.
在一个国际比较家庭动态项目的背景下，本研究有两个主要目标：描述芬兰生育和养育子女家庭的家庭动态，并研究分娩后家庭动态的变化。样本包括在芬兰生育（n = 118）和养育（n = 94）第一个或第二个孩子的家庭。数据收集使用了两种工具，即家庭动态问卷和家庭动态量表；这两种工具均在美国开发。根据结果，生育和养育子女的家庭被认为功能良好。怀孕母亲对家庭动态的描述比父亲更积极，报告说灵活性更高，沟通更清晰。同样，母亲报告的个性化和相互性比其伴侣更多。头胎准家庭报告的相互性比二胎准家庭更多。养育子女的母亲报告的个性化更多，但角色冲突也比父亲更多。养育第一个孩子的家庭中的沟通比养育第二个孩子的家庭更清晰。孩子的出生通过带来角色冲突、孤立和沟通扭曲等各种变化影响了家庭动态。
