Marshall J A, Lopez T K, Shetterly S M, Baxter J, Hamman R F
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 1995 Sep-Oct;11(5):294-300.
Better definition of dietary intakes among subpopulations will facilitate the implementation of relevant public health interventions. This study describes total calorie and macronutrient intake by level of education as reported by Hispanic and non-Hispanic white persons in the rural San Luis Valley of southern Colorado. Current diet was assessed for a geographically based sample of 552 Hispanic and 754 non-Hispanic white (NHW) adults 30-74 years of age in two counties of rural southern Colorado 1984-1988). Diet was assessed by 24-hour recall. Hispanic men and women reported lower total calorie intakes at all ages than NHWs; however, the macronutrient composition was similar between groups (38.5% and 46.0% of calories from fat and carbohydrate, respectively). Ethnic differences in body size and reported physical activity did not account for ethnic differences in reported calorie intake. In both ethnic groups, subjects with more education reported higher calorie intake and less atherogenic diets (lower total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and Keys Index; higher polyunsaturated fat, P/S ratio, and total carbohydrate). In Hispanics and NHWs, lower education groups may require targeted interventions to decrease total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Further study is needed to understand the ethnic difference in reported calorie intake.
更好地界定亚人群的饮食摄入量将有助于实施相关的公共卫生干预措施。本研究描述了科罗拉多州南部农村圣路易斯谷的西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人按教育程度划分的总热量和常量营养素摄入量。对1984 - 1988年科罗拉多州南部农村两个县的552名西班牙裔和754名30 - 74岁非西班牙裔白人（NHW）成年人的地理样本进行了当前饮食评估。通过24小时回忆法评估饮食情况。西班牙裔男性和女性在所有年龄段的总热量摄入量均低于非西班牙裔白人；然而，两组之间的常量营养素组成相似（分别有38.5%和46.0%的热量来自脂肪和碳水化合物）。体型和报告的身体活动方面的种族差异并不能解释报告的热量摄入方面的种族差异。在两个种族群体中，受教育程度较高的受试者报告的热量摄入量较高，且饮食的致动脉粥样硬化性较低（总脂肪、饱和脂肪、胆固醇和基斯指数较低；多不饱和脂肪、P/S比值和总碳水化合物较高）。在西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人中，低教育程度群体可能需要有针对性的干预措施来降低总脂肪、饱和脂肪和胆固醇。需要进一步研究以了解报告的热量摄入方面的种族差异。
