Swenson Carolyn J, Marshall Julie A, Mikulich-Gilbertson Susan K, Baxter Judith, Morgenstern Nora
Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Jun;37(6):995-1002.
Understanding variations in physical activity patterns is important for planning health interventions. This study describes age-related change in physical activity in 903 rural Hispanic and non-Hispanic white (NHW) adults age 55-80.
The Physical Activity History assessed 13 categories of productive and recreational activity during the past year with up to four assessments per participant from 1987 to 1998.
The most common activities were walking and home maintenance/gardening. Productive and recreational physical activity levels were lower in women than men (P < 0.0001), and within each gender group Hispanics had lower levels of both activity types than NHW (P values less than 0.05). In men, productive activity steadily declined with age in NHW and Hispanics. Recreational activity increased slightly until age 63, then decreased after age 70. In women, productive activity initially stayed stable then decreased in NHW after age 63, and in Hispanics it decreased at younger ages before stabilizing after age 70. Recreational activity levels decreased steadily with age in all women, with a steeper rate of decline in NHW than Hispanics. In both ethnic groups, activity levels were lower in diabetics than nondiabetics, except for recreational activity in women where levels did not differ by diabetes status.
The most common activities were similar to other studies of older adults, both recreational and productive activities contributed to total activity, and physical activity decreased in all gender-ethnic subgroups with age. Hispanic women reported the lowest activity levels. Interventions to maintain or increase recreational activity may need to target women at an earlier age than men.
了解身体活动模式的差异对于规划健康干预措施很重要。本研究描述了903名年龄在55 - 80岁的农村西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人（NHW）成年人身体活动与年龄相关的变化。
身体活动历史评估了过去一年中13类生产性和娱乐性活动，每位参与者在1987年至1998年期间最多接受四次评估。
最常见的活动是步行和家庭维护/园艺。女性的生产性和娱乐性身体活动水平低于男性（P < 0.0001），并且在每个性别组中，西班牙裔的这两种活动类型水平均低于非西班牙裔白人（P值小于0.05）。在男性中，非西班牙裔白人和西班牙裔的生产性活动都随着年龄稳步下降。娱乐性活动在63岁之前略有增加，然后在70岁之后下降。在女性中，非西班牙裔白人的生产性活动最初保持稳定，然后在63岁之后下降，而西班牙裔女性在较年轻的时候下降，然后在70岁之后趋于稳定。所有女性的娱乐性活动水平都随着年龄稳步下降，非西班牙裔白人的下降速度比西班牙裔更快。在两个种族群体中，糖尿病患者的活动水平均低于非糖尿病患者，但女性的娱乐性活动水平在糖尿病状态方面没有差异。
最常见的活动与其他关于老年人的研究相似，娱乐性和生产性活动都对总活动量有贡献，并且所有性别 - 种族亚组的身体活动都随着年龄下降。西班牙裔女性的活动水平最低。维持或增加娱乐性活动的干预措施可能需要比男性更早地针对女性。
