Naum G P, Yarian D O, McKenna J P
Medical Center Beaver, Pa, USA.
J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1995 Nov;95(11):663-5.
Each year, more than 1 million children and adolescents begin smoking, and an average of 24% of high school students report smoking, despite existing laws that prohibit the sale of tobacco to minors. In this study, the authors observed an 11-year-old boy attempt to purchase cigarettes at 57 retail establishments in western Pennsylvania to determine if the existing laws do, indeed, limit children's access to buy cigarettes. This study took place between August 15, 1993, and October 2, 1993. The establishments included convenience stores, gas stations, liquor distributors, and restaurants. One of the researchers entered each establishment to look for the posting of the state law prohibiting the sale of cigarettes to minors after their underage subject had requested cigarettes from the salesclerks. The researcher also inquired of the salesclerks if they were aware of the state law. In 30 of the 57 attempts (53%), the 11-year-old student would have been able to purchase cigarettes. Of these attempts, 53% would have sold them on his first request, while 47% would have sold them to him if he indicated that the cigarettes were for his dad. Only 3 of the 57 establishments (5.2%) posted the law, and 54 of the 57 clerks (95%) were aware of the cigarette law.
每年，超过100万儿童和青少年开始吸烟，尽管有法律禁止向未成年人出售烟草，但平均仍有24%的高中生报告吸烟。在这项研究中，作者观察了一名11岁男孩在宾夕法尼亚州西部的57家零售场所尝试购买香烟的情况，以确定现行法律是否真的限制了儿童购买香烟的机会。这项研究于1993年8月15日至1993年10月2日进行。这些场所包括便利店、加油站、酒类经销商和餐馆。在其未成年受试者向店员索要香烟后，一名研究人员进入每家场所，寻找张贴的禁止向未成年人出售香烟的州法律。研究人员还询问店员是否了解该州法律。在57次尝试中，有30次（53%）这名11岁的学生本可以买到香烟。在这些尝试中，53%的店员会在他第一次请求时就卖给他，而如果他表示香烟是给他爸爸的，47%的店员会卖给他。57家场所中只有3家（5.2%）张贴了该法律，57名店员中有54名（95%）了解香烟销售法律。
