Aine C J
Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM 87545, USA.
Crit Rev Neurobiol. 1995;9(2-3):229-309.
A critical evaluation of current, noninvasive brain-mapping techniques indicates that no one technique in isolation can adequately address the varied questions of interest to basic researchers and clinicians. Consequently, an integrated analysis of anatomical and functional measurements has become the ultimate goal to better characterize the nature of neuronal and hemodynamic responses to sensory and cognitive stimulation. Such an analysis will optimize both spatial and temporal resolution, thereby enabling patterns of activation to be followed throughout the central nervous system, a prerequisite for examining stages of information processing. This review, written in two parts, provides a conceptual overview of three techniques (MRI/fMRI, PET, and MEG/EEG) and examines current efforts at integrating these measures. Each technique is initially evaluated in isolation by considering a set of primary issues (e.g., spatial resolution, temporal resolution, the nature of the signal, individual variability, repeatability, etc.). The first part compares and contrasts MRI/fMRI techniques with PET. Part II, which examines MEG/EEG techniques and current attempts at integrating techniques, will appear in a subsequent volume. This two-part review focuses on issues, not results per se, and it is assumed that the reader is not proficient in any of the techniques described.
对当前非侵入性脑图谱技术的批判性评估表明，没有一种单独的技术能够充分解决基础研究人员和临床医生感兴趣的各种问题。因此，对解剖学和功能测量进行综合分析已成为更好地描述神经元和血液动力学对感觉和认知刺激反应性质的最终目标。这样的分析将优化空间和时间分辨率，从而能够追踪整个中枢神经系统的激活模式，这是检查信息处理阶段的先决条件。这篇综述分为两部分，提供了三种技术（MRI/fMRI、PET和MEG/EEG）的概念性概述，并探讨了当前整合这些测量方法的努力。每种技术最初都通过考虑一组主要问题（例如，空间分辨率、时间分辨率、信号性质、个体差异、可重复性等）进行单独评估。第一部分比较并对比了MRI/fMRI技术和PET。第二部分将探讨MEG/EEG技术以及当前整合技术的尝试，将在后续卷中发表。这篇两部分的综述关注的是问题，而非结果本身，并且假定读者对所描述的任何技术都不精通。
