Hapke H J, Strathmann W
Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover.
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1995 Jun;102(6):228-32.
Hordenine is an ingredient of some plants which are used as feed for animals, i.e. in sprouting barley. After ingestion of such feed hordenine may be detected in blood or urine of horses which in case of racing horses may be the facts of using prohibited compounds. Results of some experiments in pharmacological models show that hordenine is an indirectly acting adrenergic drug. It liberates norepinephrine from stores. In isolated organs and those structures with reduced epinephrine contents the hordenine-effect is only very poor. Experiments in intact animals (rats, dogs) show that hordenine has a positive inotropic effect upon the heart, increases systolic and diastolic blood pressure, peripheral blood flow volume, inhibits gut movements but has no effect upon the psychomotorical behaviour of mice. All effects are short and only possible after high doses which are not to be expected after ingestion of hordenine containing feed for horses. A measurable increase of the performance of racing horses is quite improbable.
大麦碱是某些用作动物饲料的植物的一种成分，即在发芽大麦中。摄入此类饲料后，在马的血液或尿液中可能检测到大麦碱，对于赛马而言，这可能构成使用违禁化合物的事实。一些药理模型实验结果表明，大麦碱是一种间接作用的肾上腺素能药物。它从储存部位释放去甲肾上腺素。在离体器官和肾上腺素含量降低的结构中，大麦碱的作用非常微弱。对完整动物（大鼠、狗）的实验表明，大麦碱对心脏有正性肌力作用，可升高收缩压和舒张压、增加外周血流量、抑制肠道运动，但对小鼠的精神运动行为没有影响。所有这些作用都是短暂的，且只有在高剂量时才会出现，而摄入含大麦碱的马饲料后不太可能达到这样的剂量。赛马成绩出现可测量的提高是极不可能的。
