Graczyk T K, Cockrem J F
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Mycopathologia. 1995 Sep;131(3):179-84. doi: 10.1007/BF01102898.
One hundred-fifty Yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) of 8 populations, 20 Little blue penguins (Eudyptula minor) of 2 populations, 9 Rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome), and 5 Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) from New Zealand (NZ) and Antarctica (latitude range; 39 degrees 30' S - 77 degrees 13' S) were tested by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for fungal Aspergillus spp. IgG. One hundred-ten of 184 (60%) penguins were seropositive, and seroprevalence was related to the latitudinal location of a population. All E. chrysocome from Campbell Island and Antarctica P. adeliae were seronegative. The seroprevalence varied significantly (p < 0.01) from 14% to 80% among M. antipodes populations, with a mean of 60%. Seroprevalence was 100% for E. minor populations. The mean absorbances varied significantly (p < 0.01) from 0.32 to 0.70 for M. antipodes populations, and were 0.44 and 0.51 for E. minor. Seventeen penguins (11 E. minor, 6 M. antipodes) of 110 (15%) seropositive birds had absorbance within the 95.0% absorbance confidence interval of fatal aspergillosis of captive Jackass penguins (Spheniscus demersus).
对来自新西兰（NZ）和南极洲（纬度范围：南纬39度30分 - 南纬77度13分）的8个种群的150只黄眼企鹅（黄眼企鹅属）、2个种群的20只小蓝企鹅（小蓝企鹅属）、9只凤头黄眉企鹅（凤头黄眉企鹅属）和5只阿德利企鹅（阿德利企鹅属）进行了间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），以检测曲霉菌属的真菌IgG。184只企鹅中有110只（60%）血清呈阳性，血清阳性率与种群的纬度位置有关。来自坎贝尔岛的所有凤头黄眉企鹅和南极洲的阿德利企鹅血清均为阴性。黄眼企鹅种群的血清阳性率在14%至80%之间差异显著（p < 0.01），平均为60%。小蓝企鹅种群的血清阳性率为100%。黄眼企鹅种群的平均吸光度在0.32至0.70之间差异显著（p < 0.01），小蓝企鹅的平均吸光度分别为0.44和0.51。110只血清呈阳性的企鹅中有17只（11只小蓝企鹅，6只黄眼企鹅）的吸光度在圈养驴企鹅（斑嘴环企鹅属）致命曲霉菌病吸光度95.0%置信区间内。
