Haque M, Hirai Y, Yokota K, Mori N, Jahan I, Ito H, Hotta H, Yano I, Kanemasa Y, Oguma K
Department of Bacteriology, Okayama University Medical School, Japan.
J Bacteriol. 1996 Apr;178(7):2065-70. doi: 10.1128/jb.178.7.2065-2070.1996.
The lipid and fatty acid profiles of eight Helicobacter spp. (H. nemestrinae, H. acinonyx, H. canis, Helicobacter sp. strain CLO-3, "H. rappini" [Flexispira rappini], H. pametensis, Helicobacter sp. strain Bird-B, and Helicobacter sp. strain Bird-C) and the fatty acid profiles of five additional species (H. pylori, H. felis, H. muridarum, H. mustelae, and H. fennelliae) were analyzed and compared. A heterologous fatty acid profile was observed among the Helicobacter spp., and on that basis the species could be divided into two groups. Group A had 19-carbon cyclopropane fatty acid (19:0cyc) and tetradecanoic acid (14:0) as the major fatty acids, and group B characteristically lacked the 19:0cyc and had hexadecanoic acid (16:0) and octadecenoic (18:1) acids as the major fatty acids. The species of group A are primarily gastric colonizers, and those of group B are primarily intestinal colonizers. Seven of the eight species studied showed the unusual and characteristic presence of cholesteryl glucosides (CGs), and most of these seven showed a very large amount (9.7 to 27.4% of the weight of total extractable lipid). The types of CGs and their distribution in different species were as follows: cholesteryl-6-O-acyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (cholesteryl-6-O-tetradecanoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside in H. nemestrinae and mainly cholesteryl-6-O-dodecanoyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside in "H. rappini"), cholesteryl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (H. nemestrinae, H. acinonyx, H. canis, Helicobacter sp. strain CLO-3, and "H. rappini"), and cholesteryl-6-O-phosphatidyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (H. nemestrinae, H. acinonyx, H. canis, and Helicobacter sp. strain CLO-3). Besides this, we could also detect cholesteryl acyl glucoside in H. acinonyx, cholesteryl glucoside in Helicobacter sp. strains Bird-B and -C, and cholesteryl phosphatidyl glucoside in "H. rappini" and Helicobacter sp. strain Bird-C. A selective accumulation of free cholesterol was observed in the neutral lipid fractions. On the basis of the detection of CGs in 11 of the 13 species studied so far, the presence of CGs appears to be a characteristic feature of the genus Helicobacter. In view of this and also because of a simple and rapid detection method described herein, the CGs can be used as a valuable chemotaxonomic marker.
分析并比较了8种幽门螺杆菌（猪幽门螺杆菌、猎豹幽门螺杆菌、犬幽门螺杆菌、幽门螺杆菌菌株CLO-3、“拉平尼幽门螺杆菌”[拉平弯曲螺杆菌]、帕梅滕斯幽门螺杆菌、鸟类幽门螺杆菌菌株Bird-B和鸟类幽门螺杆菌菌株Bird-C）的脂质和脂肪酸谱，以及另外5种幽门螺杆菌（幽门螺杆菌、猫幽门螺杆菌、鼠幽门螺杆菌、鼬幽门螺杆菌和芬内利幽门螺杆菌）的脂肪酸谱。在幽门螺杆菌中观察到了异源脂肪酸谱，并在此基础上可将这些菌种分为两组。A组以19碳环丙烷脂肪酸（19:0cyc）和十四烷酸（14:0）作为主要脂肪酸，而B组的特征是缺乏19:0cyc，以十六烷酸（16:0）和十八碳烯酸（18:1）作为主要脂肪酸。A组的菌种主要定殖于胃部，而B组的菌种主要定殖于肠道。所研究的8个菌种中有7个显示出胆固醇葡萄糖苷（CGs）的异常且特征性存在，其中大多数显示出含量非常高（占可提取总脂质重量的9.7%至27.4%）。CGs的类型及其在不同菌种中的分布如下：胆固醇-6-O-酰基-α-D-葡萄糖苷（猪幽门螺杆菌中为胆固醇-6-O-十四烷酰基-α-D-葡萄糖苷，“拉平尼幽门螺杆菌”中主要为胆固醇-6-O-十二烷酰基-α-D-葡萄糖苷）、胆固醇-α-D-葡萄糖苷（猪幽门螺杆菌、猎豹幽门螺杆菌、犬幽门螺杆菌、幽门螺杆菌菌株CLO-3和“拉平尼幽门螺杆菌”）以及胆固醇-6-O-磷脂酰-α-D-葡萄糖苷（猪幽门螺杆菌、猎豹幽门螺杆菌、犬幽门螺杆菌和幽门螺杆菌菌株CLO-3）。除此之外，我们还能在猎豹幽门螺杆菌中检测到胆固醇酰基葡萄糖苷，在鸟类幽门螺杆菌菌株Bird-B和Bird-C中检测到胆固醇葡萄糖苷，在“拉平尼幽门螺杆菌”和鸟类幽门螺杆菌菌株Bird-C中检测到胆固醇磷脂酰葡萄糖苷。在中性脂质部分观察到了游离胆固醇的选择性积累。基于目前所研究的13个菌种中有11个检测到了CGs，CGs的存在似乎是幽门螺杆菌属的一个特征性特点。鉴于此，并且由于本文所述的一种简单快速的检测方法，CGs可作为一种有价值的化学分类学标记。
