Dallacasa P, Dappozzo A, Galassi E, Sandri F, Cocchi G, Masi M
Department of Preventive Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Childs Nerv Syst. 1995 Nov;11(11):643-8; discussion 649. doi: 10.1007/BF00300722.
Infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following CSF shunt procedures. In this study 191 shunt procedures carried out from January 1981 to December 1992 in a series of 81 infants (less than 6 months old) were retrospectively analyzed for possible risk factors. The overall surgical infection rate was 7.8%, with 15 infections occurring in 14 patients (17.2%). No significant difference in the rate of infections was found in relation to sex, birth weight, gestational age, and type of shunt procedure (primary insertion/revision). The occurrence of other infections during the period of shunt surgery did not influence the infection risk either. Intraventricular hemorrhage and central nervous system infections as causes of the hydrocephalus were found to correlate with septic risk. Young age (less than 6 months) seems to represent the main risk factor, and this is related both to the immunologic deficiency and to the particular features of residential bacterial flora in this age group.
感染仍然是脑脊液分流术后发病和死亡的主要原因。本研究回顾性分析了1981年1月至1992年12月期间对一系列81例（小于6个月）婴儿实施的191例分流手术，以寻找可能的危险因素。总体手术感染率为7.8%，14例患者（17.2%）发生了15次感染。在感染率方面，未发现与性别、出生体重、胎龄及分流手术类型（初次植入/翻修）存在显著差异。分流手术期间发生的其他感染也未影响感染风险。发现作为脑积水病因的脑室内出血和中枢神经系统感染与败血症风险相关。低龄（小于6个月）似乎是主要危险因素，这与免疫缺陷以及该年龄组常驻细菌菌群的特殊特征均有关。
