Dyvik K, Dyrstad K, Tronstad A
Research and Development, Nycomed Imaging AS, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Radiol Suppl. 1995;399:43-9. doi: 10.1177/0284185195036s39906.
The viscosity of 8 commercially available contrast media (CM) at 2 or 3 concentrations were measured as a function of concentration and temperature, using a rotational viscosmeter. Further on, by use of an automated injector, injection pressures were measured for 3 of the CM at various concentrations, temperatures, catheter lengths, catheter diameters and flow rates. The experiments were performed as fractional factorial designs. The correlation between the injection pressure and the viscosity was found to be log-linear, and an empiric equation was established for this relationship. The relative reduction of viscosity - and therby injection pressure - with increasing injection temperature, was largest for the most concentrated CM. Iodixanol and iotrolan, the 2 nonionic dimers investigated, demonstrated an increased viscosity compared to the nonionic monomers at equal concentrations. However, all CM investigated could be used with an acceptable injection pressure either by relatively small changes in catheter conditions or by adjustment of injection temperature closer to body temperature.
使用旋转粘度计，测量了8种市售造影剂（CM）在2种或3种浓度下的粘度，该粘度是浓度和温度的函数。此外，通过使用自动注射器，在不同浓度、温度、导管长度、导管直径和流速条件下，测量了3种CM的注射压力。实验采用分数析因设计进行。发现注射压力与粘度之间的相关性呈对数线性，并建立了描述这种关系的经验方程。对于浓度最高的CM，随着注射温度升高，粘度以及注射压力的相对降低幅度最大。所研究的2种非离子二聚体碘克沙醇和碘曲仑，在相同浓度下，与非离子单体相比粘度增加。然而，通过相对较小地改变导管条件或通过将注射温度调节至更接近体温，所有研究的CM都可以在可接受的注射压力下使用。
