Sleivert G G, Backus R D, Wenger H A
School of Physical Education, University of Victoria, BC Canada.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 Dec;27(12):1655-65.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether adaptation to single- versus multi-joint strength training and sprint training was different and whether sequencing strength prior to sprint training was beneficial for increasing power. Thirty-two untrained males were assigned to control (C), sprint-sprint (SS), multi-joint (MJS), or single-joint (SJS) strength-sprint groups. Subjects were tested before training, after 8 wk of strength or sprint training, and after an additional 6 wk of sprint training. By mid-training both SJS and MJS increased 10 repetition maximum strength, but this was not transferable to isometric or isokinetic strength or rate of torque development. SS showed no improvement in these variables. All training groups increased cycle ergometer power output by 8 wk and had similar fiber hypertrophy with no EMG changes. Subsequent sprint training continued to increase maximum power with no further hypertrophy. Tibial nerve conduction velocity increased in all training groups. These results indicate little difference in adaptation to single- and multi-joint strength training. Strength or power improvements caused by training in these models does not transfer to isometric or isokinetic movements. Further, sequenced strength-spring training provided no additional power gain over sprint training alone.
本研究的目的是确定对单关节与多关节力量训练以及短跑训练的适应性是否存在差异，以及在短跑训练之前进行力量训练是否有利于提高功率。32名未经训练的男性被分配到对照组（C）、短跑-短跑组（SS）、多关节力量-短跑组（MJS）或单关节力量-短跑组（SJS）。在训练前、进行8周力量或短跑训练后以及再进行6周短跑训练后对受试者进行测试。到训练中期，SJS组和MJS组的10次重复最大力量均有所增加，但这并未转化为等长力量、等速力量或扭矩发展速率。SS组在这些变量上没有改善。所有训练组在8周时均提高了自行车测力计的功率输出，并且具有相似的纤维肥大，肌电图无变化。随后的短跑训练继续提高最大功率，且无进一步的肥大现象。所有训练组的胫神经传导速度均增加。这些结果表明，对单关节和多关节力量训练的适应性差异不大。在这些模型中，训练引起的力量或功率提高并不能转化为等长或等速运动。此外，与单独的短跑训练相比，先进行力量训练再进行短跑训练并未带来额外的功率增加。
