Arlian L G, Morgan M S, Arends J J
Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA.
J Parasitol. 1996 Feb;82(1):66-72.
Varieties of Sarcoptes scabiei from different hosts are highly host specific but they are morphologically indistinguishable. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunologic cross-reactivity among several varieties of scabies mites using serum from a human scabies patient and from several other species of infested hosts. Homologous and heterologous crossed-immunoelectrophoretic (CIE) analysis of extracts prepared from var. canis (dog) and var. suis (pig) mites yielded very similar antigen profiles. Serum from a human patient infested with var. hominis had circulating IgE that bound to antigens present in extracts prepared from each animal mite variety. Antigen homology was further confirmed by fused peaks on tandem CIE. Additionally, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/immunoblot analysis showed that the 2 extracts contained proteins that bound antibody in serum from a var. suis-infested pig, a var. canis-infested dog, var. canis-infested rabbits, and a var. hominis-infested human. The results of this study clearly indicate that different varieties of scabies mites, though host specific, introduce some immunologically cross-reactive molecules into the host. However, each serum from the 4 scabies-infested hosts also contained antibody that was specific for proteins in extract from only 1 variety of mite. These data indicated that each variety of scabies introduced some unique molecules into the host, each strain produced some similar molecules, or both, but different hosts responded immunologically to different sets of these.
来自不同宿主的疥螨变种具有高度的宿主特异性，但在形态上无法区分。本研究的目的是使用人类疥疮患者以及其他几种受感染宿主的血清，来研究几种疥螨变种之间的免疫交叉反应性。对犬疥螨变种（犬）和猪疥螨变种（猪）提取物进行的同源和异源交叉免疫电泳（CIE）分析产生了非常相似的抗原图谱。感染人疥螨变种的人类患者血清中的循环IgE与从每种动物疥螨变种提取物中存在的抗原结合。串联CIE上的融合峰进一步证实了抗原同源性。此外，十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳/免疫印迹分析表明，这两种提取物都含有能与感染猪疥螨变种的猪、感染犬疥螨变种的犬、感染犬疥螨变种的兔以及感染人疥螨变种的人的血清中的抗体结合的蛋白质。本研究结果清楚地表明，不同的疥螨变种虽然具有宿主特异性，但会将一些免疫交叉反应性分子引入宿主。然而，来自这4种受疥疮感染宿主的每种血清也都含有仅对1种疥螨变种提取物中的蛋白质具有特异性的抗体。这些数据表明，每种疥螨变种都会将一些独特的分子引入宿主，每种菌株都会产生一些相似的分子，或者两者兼而有之，但不同宿主对这些分子的不同组合会产生免疫反应。
