Heilmann H P
Department of Radiation Oncology, St. George's Hospital, Hamburg, Germany.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996 May 1;35(2):207-17. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(96)00090-9.
In the first period after the discovery of x-rays by Roentgen until World War II, German radiotherapy made major contributions to the development of the specialty. During the Nazi regime and World War II, German doctors were separated from international developments, and after the war the technical standard was poor. It took German radiotherapy a relatively long time to return to international standards again. Because of the difficulties caused by the war, mistakes were made in placing too much emphasis on technical, physical, and biological questions in the publications of the 1960s and 1970s, while in other countries clinical research was promoted. An exception is the work of K. Musshoff (47, 48) from Freiburg. His treatment results in Hodgkin's disease were known and acknowledged internationally. Because of a variety of reasons, it was and is difficult to perform prospective randomized trials in Germany even today. In addition, the turn to the English language in medicine made it difficult for publications written in German to be popular outside of Germany. Therefore, today German journals publish abstracts in English, too. In the meantime, the clinical and technical standard as well as scientific work in German radiotherapy are comparable again to the international level, especially relative to the United States, Great Britain, France, and the Scandinavian countries.
在伦琴发现X射线后的第一个时期，直至第二次世界大战，德国放射治疗学为该专业的发展做出了重大贡献。在纳粹政权和第二次世界大战期间，德国医生与国际发展脱节，战后技术水平较差。德国放射治疗学花了相当长的时间才再次恢复到国际标准。由于战争造成的困难，在20世纪60年代和70年代的出版物中，过于强调技术、物理和生物学问题，而在其他国家则推动临床研究，这是一个错误。来自弗莱堡的K. 穆肖夫（47, 48）的工作是个例外。他对霍奇金病的治疗结果在国际上广为人知并得到认可。由于种种原因，即使在今天，在德国进行前瞻性随机试验也一直很困难。此外，医学领域转向使用英语，使得用德语撰写的出版物在德国境外难以流行。因此，如今德国的期刊也会发表英文摘要。与此同时，德国放射治疗学的临床和技术水平以及科研工作再次与国际水平相当，特别是相对于美国、英国、法国和斯堪的纳维亚国家而言。
