Wolfaardt M, Taylor M B, Grabow W O, Cubitt W D, Jiang X
Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J Med Virol. 1995 Dec;47(4):386-91. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890470415.
The application of the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has enabled several morphologically and physically similar small round structured viruses (SRSVs), including the prototype Norwalk virus (NV), to be classified within the Caliciviridae. This technique, using primers directed to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region within the ORF1 of NV, was used to characterise SRSVs associated with epidemic gastroenteritis in adults and sporadic paediatric gastroenteritis in South Africa. Genomic variation was investigated by sequence analysis of the amplified 209bp cDNA region from six isolates and comparison with other characterised SRSVs including NV. Antigenic variation was investigated by the use of the recombinant enzyme immunoassay described recently for the detection of Snow Mountain agent-like antigen in stool specimens. Two distinct antigenic groups were evident with NV-like viruses associated with adult gastroenteritis, and Mexico viruslike viruses associated with paediatric gastroenteritis. Viral isolates from two of the outbreaks of adult gastroenteritis showed a high degree of nucleotide sequence identity with NV, i.e., 84% and 98%, respectively, whereas the paediatric isolates showed 92-95% sequence similarity with the Snow Mountain-like virus, MxV. These data show concordance between antigenic and genomic analyses.
逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）的应用使得包括原型诺如病毒（NV）在内的几种形态和物理特征相似的小圆结构病毒（SRSV）能够被归类到杯状病毒科。这项技术使用针对NV开放阅读框1（ORF1）内依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶区域的引物，用于鉴定与南非成人流行性肠胃炎和散发性儿童肠胃炎相关的SRSV。通过对六个分离株扩增的209bp cDNA区域进行序列分析，并与包括NV在内的其他已鉴定的SRSV进行比较，研究了基因组变异。通过使用最近描述的用于检测粪便标本中雪山病毒样抗原的重组酶免疫测定法，研究了抗原变异。与成人肠胃炎相关的NV样病毒和与儿童肠胃炎相关的墨西哥病毒样病毒明显分为两个不同的抗原组。来自两次成人肠胃炎暴发的病毒分离株与NV的核苷酸序列同一性很高，分别为84%和98%，而儿童分离株与雪山样病毒MxV的序列相似性为92-95%。这些数据表明抗原分析和基因组分析结果一致。
