Enhancement by cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors of platelet-activating factor production in thapsigargin-stimulated macrophages.

1. Thapsigargin stimulated the accumulation of cell-associated platelet-activating factor (PAF) and extracellular prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in rat peritoneal macrophages. PAF in the conditioned medium was less than the detectable amount. To obtain further insight into the mechanism of PAF accumulation, the role of PGE2 in PAF accumulation was investigated. 2. When macrophages were incubated in medium containing thapsigargin (30 ng ml(-1), 46.1 nM) and cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors such as indomethacin, naproxen or ibuprofen, the PAF content of the cells at 10 min was increased in a concentration-dependent manner in accordance with inhibition of PGE2 production. The stimulation by thapsigargin, cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors did not increase PAF accumulation. 3. In thapsigargin-stimulated macrophages, when PGE2(10(-7) M) was added to the medium, the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor-induced stimulation of PAF accumulation at 10 min was markedly inhibited. 4. The accumulation of PAF induced by thapsigargin alone at 10 min was inhibited by exogenous PGE2 (10(-8) and 10(-7) M), or arachidonic acid (10(-6) and 10(-5) M) in accordance with the increase in PGE2 production. 5. The accumulation of PAF induced by thapsigargin alone or by thapsigargin and indomethacin (10(-6) M) was inhibited by dibutyryl cyclic AMP. 6. These results indicate that the concurrently produced PGE2 in thapsigargin-stimulated macrophages down-regulates PAF accumulation by increasing intracellular cyclic AMP levels, and that cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors increase PAF accumulation by inhibiting PGE2 production.