von Treuer K, Norman T R, Armstrong S M
School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
J Pineal Res. 1996 Jan;20(1):7-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.1996.tb00232.x.
Early investigations of the effect of sleep deprivation on plasma melatonin reported no major changes. Recently, 36 hrs of sleep deprivation was reported to elevate melatonin levels on the post-sleep deprivation night. Given these contradictions melatonin, cortisol, prolactin, and thyroid stimulating hormone before, during, and, after sleep deprivation were examined in nine healthy young males following one night of sleep deprivation. Hormone levels at hourly intervals, for each night, were statistically analyzed by a repeated measures, two-way factorial ANOVA. ANOVA was also performed for measures of area under the curve (AUC). No significant differences were observed for melatonin levels. Cortisol was significantly higher on the sleep deprivation night presumably reflecting the aroused state accompanying being awake; however, there were several time points on the control night when it was elevated also. Prolactin was higher on the post-sleep deprivation and control nights but did not rise on the deprivation night, indicating a useful nonpolysomnographic index for discriminating overnight sleep and awake states. TSH levels showed a similar rise during the control and sleep deprivation nights, but remained flat on the post-sleep deprivation night. It appears that the pineal is insulated against feedback from changes to the level of arousal accompanying sleep and wakefulness. In comparison, cortisol, prolactin, and TSH levels vary with these states and are, therefore, useful indices of arousal and sleep-wake.
早期关于睡眠剥夺对血浆褪黑素影响的研究报告称没有重大变化。最近，有报道称36小时的睡眠剥夺会使睡眠剥夺后夜间的褪黑素水平升高。鉴于这些矛盾之处，对9名健康年轻男性在经历一晚睡眠剥夺之前、期间和之后的褪黑素、皮质醇、催乳素和促甲状腺激素进行了检测。通过重复测量双向析因方差分析对每个晚上每小时的激素水平进行统计分析。还对曲线下面积（AUC）的测量值进行了方差分析。未观察到褪黑素水平有显著差异。睡眠剥夺当晚皮质醇显著升高，这可能反映了清醒时伴随的兴奋状态；然而，在对照夜晚也有几个时间点其水平升高。催乳素在睡眠剥夺后和对照夜晚较高，但在剥夺当晚没有升高，这表明它是区分夜间睡眠和清醒状态的一个有用的非多导睡眠图指标。促甲状腺激素水平在对照夜晚和睡眠剥夺夜晚有类似的升高，但在睡眠剥夺后夜晚保持平稳。看来松果体不受伴随睡眠和清醒的兴奋水平变化的反馈影响。相比之下，皮质醇、催乳素和促甲状腺激素水平会随这些状态而变化，因此是兴奋和睡眠 - 觉醒的有用指标。
