Allbritton D W, McKoon G, Ratcliff R
Psychology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA. allbritt+@pitt.edu
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1996 May;22(3):714-35. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.22.3.714.
Although previous research has shown that listeners can use prosody to resolve syntactic ambiguities in spoken sentences, it is not clear whether naive, untrained speakers in experimental situations ordinarily produce the prosodic cues necessary for disambiguating such sentences. In a series of experiments, the authors found that neither professional nor untrained speakers consistently produced such prosodic cues when simply reading ambiguous sentences in a disambiguating discourse context. Speakers who were aware of the ambiguities and were told to intentionally pronounce the sentences with one meaning of the other, however, did produce sufficient prosodic cues for listeners to identify the intended meanings.
尽管先前的研究表明，听众可以利用韵律来解决口语句子中的句法歧义，但尚不清楚在实验情境中，未经训练的普通说话者是否通常会产生消除此类句子歧义所需的韵律线索。在一系列实验中，作者发现，无论是专业人士还是未经训练的说话者，在消除歧义的语篇语境中简单阅读歧义句子时，都不会始终如一地产生此类韵律线索。然而，那些意识到歧义并被告知故意用一种或另一种意思来发音句子的说话者，确实会产生足够的韵律线索，让听众识别出想要表达的意思。
