Sanner T, Dybing E
Avdeling for miljø- og yrkesbetinget kreft, Institutt for kreftforskning, Det Norske Radiumhospital, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Feb 20;116(5):617-20.
Environmental tobacco smoke is a complex mixture of many chemical substances. The term passive smoking is used when a person breathes in air contaminated by tobacco smoke. Active and passive smoking expose an individual to the same substances, but the relative concentrations of the various substances differ. Thus, under conditions where individuals are exposed to an amount of nicotine corresponding to their smoking 1/2 a cigarette, they will be exposed to an amount of nitrosodimethylamine corresponding to their smoking about five cigarettes. Exposure of children to environmental tobacco smoke is associated with increased risk of lower respiratory tract infections, middle ear infections and asthma. Accumulating evidence points to passive smoking as a risk factor for the sudden infant death syndrome. Long term exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases risk of lung cancer and heart disease. It is estimated that in Norway, 50 non-smokers die of lung cancer and 300-500 of heart disease annually, as a result of long term exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
环境烟草烟雾是多种化学物质的复杂混合物。当一个人吸入被烟草烟雾污染的空气时，就会用到“被动吸烟”这个术语。主动吸烟和被动吸烟使个体接触到相同的物质，但各种物质的相对浓度有所不同。因此，在个体接触到相当于吸半支烟量的尼古丁的情况下，他们接触到的亚硝基二甲胺量相当于吸大约五支烟的量。儿童接触环境烟草烟雾会增加下呼吸道感染、中耳感染和哮喘的风险。越来越多的证据表明，被动吸烟是婴儿猝死综合征的一个风险因素。长期接触环境烟草烟雾会增加患肺癌和心脏病的风险。据估计，在挪威，每年有50名不吸烟者因长期接触环境烟草烟雾而死于肺癌，300至500人死于心脏病。
