Scarpato R, Migliore L, Hirvonen A, Falck G, Norppa H
Dipartimento di Scienze dell' Ambiente e del Territorio, Università di Pisa, Italy.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1996;27(4):263-9. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)27:4<263::AID-EM3>3.0.CO;2-E.
Occupational exposure of floriculturists is characterized by alternating periods of intense pesticide spraying and reduced or no activity. Induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), structural chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) was investigated in peripheral lymphocytes of a group of 23 Italian floriculturists and 22 matched controls. Blood sampling was performed during and one month after the end of intensive pesticide treatments, in order to cover a period of high and low exposure, respectively. Each donor was genotyped for glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), T1 (GSTT1), and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), three polymorphic genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, to assess their potential role in individual genotoxic response to the pesticide exposure. No effect of the pesticide exposure on the cytogenetic parameters were detected. Smoking, however, was found to increase SCE levels. The only significant influence of phenotype composition on cytogenetic response was an increase in SCE levels in the GSTT1 positive individuals compared with the GSTT1 nulls (P=0.02). This finding was, however, based on only four GSTT1 null donors (n=41 for GSTT1 positive donors). In addition, a possible interaction was observed between smoking and GSTM1 genotype in the CA assay, GSTM1 null smokers, earlier reported to have an elevated risk for lung cancer, showing higher CA frequencies than GSTM1 positive smokers.
花卉栽培者的职业暴露特点是农药喷洒期与活动减少或无活动期交替出现。我们对23名意大利花卉栽培者和22名匹配的对照者的外周血淋巴细胞进行了研究，以检测姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）、染色体结构畸变（CA）和微核（MN）的诱导情况。在强化农药处理期间和结束后一个月进行采血，分别覆盖高暴露期和低暴露期。对每位供体的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶M1（GSTM1）、T1（GSTT1）和N-乙酰基转移酶2（NAT2）这三个参与外源性物质代谢的多态性基因进行基因分型，以评估它们在个体对农药暴露的遗传毒性反应中的潜在作用。未检测到农药暴露对细胞遗传学参数的影响。然而，发现吸烟会增加SCE水平。表型组成对细胞遗传学反应的唯一显著影响是，与GSTT1基因缺失个体相比，GSTT1阳性个体的SCE水平有所增加（P = 0.02）。然而，这一发现仅基于4名GSTT1基因缺失供体（GSTT1阳性供体为41名）。此外，在CA检测中观察到吸烟与GSTM1基因型之间可能存在相互作用，GSTM1基因缺失的吸烟者（先前报道其患肺癌风险较高）的CA频率高于GSTM1阳性吸烟者。
