Wijburg O L, Heemskerk M H, Sanders A, Boog C J, Van Rooijen N
Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.
Immunology. 1996 Jan;87(1):34-41.
Macrophages and T lymphocytes play an important role in recovery from viral infections. During mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-A59) infection, a clear virus-specific class II-restricted cytotoxic T-cell response is generated. Transfer of these CD4+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL) into naive mice protects against a lethal challenge with MHV. However, their in vivo antiviral effector mechanism is not yet clear. To further investigate a possible effector mechanism, we studied the effect of adoptive transfer of CD4+ CTL on virus localization in spleen and liver. We showed that adoptive transfer of virus-specific T cells does not affect localization of MHV-A59 in different macrophage subsets. Interestingly, a rapid and large infiltrate of CD4+ T cells in and around MHV-A59-infected foci in the liver was observed early in infection, whereas no CD8+ T cells were detectable. Moreover, transfer of virus-specific T cells resulted in significantly decreased viral titres in the liver and spleen and a marginally increased anti-MHV-A59 IgM production. These results imply an important role for virus-specific CD4+ CTL in elimination of infectious MHV-A59 and induction of an effective immune response in the absence of CD8+ CTL.
巨噬细胞和T淋巴细胞在病毒感染的恢复过程中发挥着重要作用。在小鼠肝炎病毒（MHV - A59）感染期间，会产生明显的病毒特异性II类限制性细胞毒性T细胞反应。将这些CD4 +细胞毒性T细胞（CTL）转移到未感染的小鼠中可保护其免受MHV的致死性攻击。然而，它们在体内的抗病毒效应机制尚不清楚。为了进一步研究可能的效应机制，我们研究了CD4 + CTL过继转移对病毒在脾脏和肝脏中定位的影响。我们发现，病毒特异性T细胞的过继转移不会影响MHV - A59在不同巨噬细胞亚群中的定位。有趣的是，在感染早期，在肝脏中MHV - A59感染灶内及周围观察到CD4 + T细胞迅速大量浸润，而未检测到CD8 + T细胞。此外，病毒特异性T细胞的转移导致肝脏和脾脏中的病毒滴度显著降低，抗MHV - A59 IgM的产生略有增加。这些结果表明，病毒特异性CD4 + CTL在消除感染性MHV - A59以及在缺乏CD8 + CTL的情况下诱导有效免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。
