Layman M J, Gidycz C A, Lynn S J
Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens 45701, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1996 Feb;105(1):124-31. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.1.124.
Investigators of sexual assault have found that a substantial number of women who have been raped do not conceptualize their experiences as such. The present investigation examined differences between 40 unacknowledged rape victims and 20 women who acknowledged their experience as rape in a sample of college women, as well as a control group of 23 nonvictims. Groups were compared in terms of situational factors, postassault symptomatology, defense mechanisms, dissociative disorders, and sexual revictimization. In comparison to unacknowledged victims, acknowledged victims reported more forceful assaults and indicated more resistance and clearer refusal. Acknowledged victims exhibited more posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms than unacknowledged victims, who exhibited more symptoms than nonvictims, as measured by clinical interview. Implications of these findings are discussed.
性侵犯调查人员发现，相当多被强奸的女性并不将自己的经历视为强奸。本研究调查了40名未承认自己遭受强奸的受害者与20名承认自己遭受强奸的女性大学生之间的差异，以及一个由23名非受害者组成的对照组。对这些组在情境因素、性侵后症状、防御机制、解离障碍和性再受害化方面进行了比较。与未承认的受害者相比，承认的受害者报告的袭击更暴力，表现出更多的抵抗和更明确的拒绝。通过临床访谈测量，承认的受害者比未承认的受害者表现出更多的创伤后应激障碍症状，而未承认的受害者比非受害者表现出更多症状。讨论了这些发现的意义。
