Dahl R E, Ryan N D, Matty M K, Birmaher B, al-Shabbout M, Williamson D E, Kupfer D J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Mar 15;39(6):400-10. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00190-5.
Sleep measures were obtained in 16 depressed and 21 control adolescents following 1 week of adherence to a uniformly imposed and strictly enforced sleep/wake schedule. Three nights of baseline electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep on the same 10:00 PM to 7:00 AM schedule revealed prolonged sleep latency and reduced rapid eye movement (REM) latency in the depressed adolescents. Following baseline measures, sleep was restricted for 2 nights (10:00 PM-4:00 AM) and measures of recovery sleep were obtained showing further sleep latency differences. There was no evidence for delta sleep changes or sleep continuity differences in depressed adolescents. These results suggest that control over sleep/wake schedules is an important methodological issue in adolescent sleep studies. Furthermore, the findings are consistent with a larger body of evidence indicating that dysregulation near sleep onset represents a primary psychobiological change in early-onset depression.
在16名抑郁青少年和21名对照青少年遵循统一制定并严格执行的睡眠/觉醒时间表1周后，获取了睡眠测量数据。按照相同的晚上10点至早上7点时间表进行的三个晚上的基线脑电图（EEG）睡眠显示，抑郁青少年的睡眠潜伏期延长，快速眼动（REM）潜伏期缩短。在基线测量之后，将睡眠时间限制为两晚（晚上10点至凌晨4点），并获取了恢复睡眠的测量数据，结果显示睡眠潜伏期存在进一步差异。没有证据表明抑郁青少年的慢波睡眠有变化或睡眠连续性存在差异。这些结果表明，对睡眠/觉醒时间表的控制是青少年睡眠研究中的一个重要方法问题。此外，这些发现与大量证据一致，表明睡眠开始附近的调节失调是早发性抑郁症的主要心理生物学变化。
