Mulder R T, Joyce P R, Sellman J D, Sullivan P F, Cloninger C R
University Department of Psychological Medicine, Christchurch School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1996 Feb;93(2):99-104. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09809.x.
The aim was to investigate the relationships between a model of personality based on the concept of defense mechanisms, as articulated by Vaillant, with the psychobiological model of personality, as developed by Cloninger. A total of 128 adults from 11 family pedigrees with at least two alcohol-dependent members completed the self-report Defense Style Questionnaire and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Immature defenses were largely explained by low character scores, while neurotic defenses were part temperament and part character. Cluster A, B and C defenses were related to low reward dependence, high novelty-seeking and high harm avoidance respectively. In a regression analysis, cluster B and C defenses were more related to low character scores than to temperament but, for cluster A defenses, temperament and character both contributed. The results suggest that it is possible to integrate an ego defense model of personality with a psychobiological model of personality, thereby enriching both approaches.
本研究旨在探讨基于Vaillant所阐述的防御机制概念的人格模型与Cloninger所发展的人格心理生物学模型之间的关系。来自11个家族谱系、至少有两名酒精依赖成员的128名成年人完成了自我报告防御方式问卷和气质与性格量表。不成熟防御在很大程度上可由低性格得分来解释，而神经质防御部分与气质有关，部分与性格有关。A、B、C类防御分别与低奖励依赖、高新奇寻求和高伤害回避有关。在回归分析中，B类和C类防御与低性格得分的相关性高于与气质的相关性，但对于A类防御，气质和性格都有影响。结果表明，有可能将人格的自我防御模型与人格的心理生物学模型整合起来，从而丰富这两种方法。
